State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology Vector, Koltsovo 630559, Russia.
Krasnoyarsk Regional Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS, Krasnoyarsk 660049, Russia.
Biomed Res Int. 2020 Sep 10;2020:9057541. doi: 10.1155/2020/9057541. eCollection 2020.
More than a quarter of HIV-infected individuals registered in Russia live in Siberia. Unlike Central Russia where HIV-1 subtype A6 is predominant, in most Siberian regions since 2012, a new HIV-1 CRF63_02A1 genetic variant has spread, with the share of this variant attaining 75-85% among newly identified HIV cases. Krasnoyarsk Krai is considered to be a high-risk territory according to morbidity rate and HIV infection incidence among the population. The current paper aims to study the molecular epidemiologic characteristics of HIV-1 spreading in Krasnoyarsk Krai. Phylogenetic and recombination analyses of (PR-RT, IN) and regions of the virus were used for genotyping 159 HIV-1 isolated in Krasnoyarsk Krai. 57.2% of the isolates belonged to subtype A (A6) specific to Russia, 12.6% to CRF63_02A1, and 0.6% to CRF02_AG, and in 29.6% HIV-1 URFs were detected, including URF63/А (23.9%), URFА/В (4.4%), and URF02/А (1.3%). In 6 of 7, HIV-1 URFА/В identical recombination model was detected; the origin of 38 URF63/А was proven to be the result of individual recombination events. Since 2015, a share of the population with newly diagnosed HIV who were infected with HIV-1 URF reached an exceptionally high rate of 38.6%. As distinct from adjacent Siberian regions, the HIV-1 CRF63_02A1 prevalence rate in Krasnoyarsk Krai is within 16%; however, the increased contribution of new HIV-1 into the regional epidemic development was observed due to the recombination of viruses of subtypes А, В, and CRF63_02A1. The difference between the described molecular epidemiologic picture in Krasnoyarsk Krai and in adjacent areas is likely caused by differences in predominant routes of HIV transmission and by more recent HIV-1 CRF63_02A1 transmission in the PWID group, which had a high prevalence of HIV-1 subtype A by the time of the new virus transmission, resulting in increased possibility of coinfection with various HIV-1 genetic variants.
在俄罗斯登记的艾滋病病毒感染者中，超过四分之一生活在西伯利亚地区。与俄罗斯中部以 HIV-1 亚型 A6 为主不同，自 2012 年以来，大多数西伯利亚地区出现了一种新的 HIV-1 CRF63_02A1 遗传变异株，新发现的艾滋病病毒感染者中该变异株的比例达到 75-85%。克拉斯诺亚尔斯克边疆区被认为是发病率和人口中 HIV 感染率较高的高危地区。本研究旨在探讨克拉斯诺亚尔斯克边疆区 HIV-1 传播的分子流行病学特征。对 159 株在克拉斯诺亚尔斯克边疆区分离的 HIV-1 的 PR-RT 和 IN 区和 区进行了基因分型，进行了系统进化和重组分析。57.2%的分离株属于俄罗斯特有的 HIV-1 亚型 A (A6)，12.6%属于 CRF63_02A1，0.6%属于 CRF02_AG，29.6%检测到 HIV-1 URF，包括 URF63/А (23.9%)、URFА/В (4.4%)和 URF02/А (1.3%)。在 7 个样本中，有 6 个检测到 HIV-1 URFА/В 相同的重组模型，38 个 URF63/А 的起源被证明是个体重组事件的结果。自 2015 年以来，新诊断的 HIV 人群中感染 HIV-1 URF 的比例达到了异常高的 38.6%。与相邻的西伯利亚地区不同，克拉斯诺亚尔斯克边疆区 HIV-1 CRF63_02A1 的流行率在 16%以内；然而，由于亚型 A、B 和 CRF63_02A1 病毒的重组，新的 HIV-1 对区域流行的贡献增加。在克拉斯诺亚尔斯克边疆区和相邻地区之间描述的分子流行病学差异可能是由于 HIV 传播的主要途径不同，以及在新病毒传播时，PWID 组中 HIV-1 CRF63_02A1 的传播更为近期，导致各种 HIV-1 遗传变异株的合并感染可能性增加。
