Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Centro de Estudos de Transtornos de Humor e Ansiedade (CETHA), Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, UFBA, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2021 Jul-Aug;43(4):438-445. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0904.
To assess the association between exposure to toxoplasmosis and major psychiatric disorders through a systematic review of the literature.
The literature review was performed in the MEDLINE, SciELO, and PsycINFO databases. To evaluate the quality of the studies included in the review, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used.
Thirty-one studies were included, and the majority found an association between exposure to toxoplasmosis and schizophrenia or bipolar disorder (58.3 and 54.5% of the included papers, respectively), but not major depressive disorder. We found no significant difference in mean quality scores between studies that corroborated and contradicted the association hypothesis for either schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. All included papers were considered at least satisfactory according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (total scores ≥ 6 out of 9).
Although there was no association between exposure to toxoplasmosis and major depressive disorder, the results indicate an association with both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, despite their heterogeneity. Further studies should be performed with more specific variables so that the nature of these relationships can be elucidated.
通过对文献进行系统评价，评估弓形虫感染与主要精神障碍之间的关联。
在 MEDLINE、SciELO 和 PsycINFO 数据库中进行文献检索。为了评估纳入综述研究的质量，使用了纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（Newcastle-Ottawa Scale）。
共纳入 31 项研究，其中大多数研究发现弓形虫感染与精神分裂症或双相情感障碍之间存在关联（分别有 58.3%和 54.5%的纳入研究支持这一关联假设），但与重度抑郁症无关。我们发现，对于支持或反驳精神分裂症或双相情感障碍关联假设的研究，其平均质量评分无显著差异。根据纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（总分为 9 分，至少 6 分即为满意），所有纳入的研究均被认为至少是满意的。
尽管弓形虫感染与重度抑郁症之间没有关联，但结果表明其与双相情感障碍和精神分裂症均有关联，尽管存在异质性。应进行更多具有特定变量的研究，以阐明这些关系的本质。
