Pain Management Unit, Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, Hospital Quirónsalud San José, Madrid, Spain.
Hospital Universitario Quirónsalud Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Pain Pract. 2020 Nov;20(8):820-828. doi: 10.1111/papr.12951. Epub 2020 Oct 9.
The situation generated in the health system by the COVID-19 pandemic has provoked a crisis involving the necessity to cancel non-urgent and oncologic activity in the operating room and in day-to-day practice. As the situation continues, the need to reinstate attention for patients with chronic pain grows. The restoration of this activity has to begin with on-site appointments and possible surgical procedures. On-site clinical activity has to guarantee the safety of patients and health workers.
The objective of this review was to evaluate how to manage activity in pain units, considering the scenario generated by the pandemic and the implications of chronic pain on the immune system and proposed pharmacological and interventional therapies.
Besides the established general recommendations (physical distance, surgical masks, gloves, etc.), we established specific recommendations that will allow patient treatment and relieve the disruption of the immune response. It is important to highlight the use of opioids with the least influence in the immune system. Further, individualized corticoid use, risk assessment, reduced immune suppression, and dose adjustment should take patient needs into account. In this scenario, we highlight the use of radiofrequency and neuromodulation therapies, techniques that do not interfere with the immune response.
We describe procedures to implement these recommendations for individual clinical situations, the therapeutic possibilities and safety guidelines for each center, and government recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic.
COVID-19 大流行给卫生系统带来的情况引发了一场危机,需要取消手术室和日常实践中的非紧急和肿瘤活动。随着情况的继续,恢复对慢性疼痛患者的关注变得更加必要。恢复这项活动必须从现场预约和可能的手术程序开始。现场临床活动必须保证患者和卫生工作者的安全。
本综述的目的是评估如何管理疼痛单位的活动,考虑到大流行产生的情况以及慢性疼痛对免疫系统的影响,以及提出的药理学和介入治疗。
除了既定的一般建议(保持身体距离、戴手术口罩、戴手套等)外,我们还制定了特定的建议,这些建议将允许患者接受治疗并减轻免疫反应的中断。重要的是要强调使用对免疫系统影响最小的阿片类药物。此外,应根据患者的需要评估个体化皮质类固醇的使用、风险评估、减少免疫抑制和剂量调整。在这种情况下,我们强调使用射频和神经调节疗法,这些技术不会干扰免疫反应。
我们描述了实施这些建议的程序,以适应每个中心的个别临床情况、治疗可能性和安全指南,以及政府在 COVID-19 大流行期间的建议。