Laerum O D, Weiss H
Arch Geschwulstforsch. 1987;57(2):151-71.
The development of cancer in humans is considered as a multistep process ultimately leading to clinically detectable disease and further progression of the tumour. By use of cytometric techniques it has been possible to perform quantitative measurements and detect qualitative alterations in malignant tumours. This mainly applies to DNA aberrations and deviations in nuclear size and morphology. Such alterations may also be present for a long period prior to malignant, invasive growth, i.e. at a preneoplastic stage. A survey of available data on such preneoplastic changes is given. Since the type of aberrations is both dependent on the tissue of origin and the tumour type, this must always be taken into consideration. A particularly rapid expansion has taken place in the field of flow cytometry, where high resolution measurements of cellular DNA content as well as cell cycle distribution and other parameters can be performed shortly after sampling of the tissue. It is expected that cytometric methods will be used in future diagnostics of early cancerous growth in several organ systems, including the skin, the gastrointestinal tract, the urinary bladder, the breast and female genital organs.
人类癌症的发展被认为是一个多步骤过程，最终导致临床上可检测到的疾病以及肿瘤的进一步进展。通过使用细胞计数技术，已经能够对恶性肿瘤进行定量测量并检测其定性改变。这主要适用于DNA畸变以及核大小和形态的偏差。此类改变在恶性侵袭性生长之前，即在肿瘤发生前阶段，也可能长期存在。本文对有关此类肿瘤发生前变化的现有数据进行了综述。由于畸变类型既取决于起源组织，也取决于肿瘤类型，因此必须始终予以考虑。流式细胞术领域尤其迅速地发展，在组织取样后不久即可对细胞DNA含量以及细胞周期分布和其他参数进行高分辨率测量。预计细胞计数方法将用于未来多个器官系统早期癌性生长的诊断，包括皮肤、胃肠道、膀胱、乳腺和女性生殖器官。
