Palmer M C, Colls B M
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1987;19(4):331-4. doi: 10.1007/BF00261483.
A double-blind randomised controlled trial comparing the antiemetic effects of sublingual lorazepam combined with high-dose, short course metoclopramide (3 mg/kg) infused twice 3 h apart with or without i.v. dexamethasone is reported. Sixty patients receiving a total of 209 cycles of potentially severely emetic cytotoxic chemotherapy were randomised to receive one or other antiemetic regimen. In those receiving platinum-based chemotherapy the addition of dexamethasone was associated with an improvement in freedom from nausea (P less than 0.01) and freedom from vomiting (P less than 0.05). In the non-platinum-based chemotherapy group the addition of dexamethasone led to a reduction in the duration and severity of nausea, and duration of vomiting (P less than 0.05 in each case). Both antiemetic regimens were well tolerated with a low incidence of adverse effects and could be administered easily in an outpatient setting.
本文报道了一项双盲随机对照试验，比较了舌下含服劳拉西泮联合大剂量、短疗程甲氧氯普胺（3mg/kg），每3小时输注一次，共输注两次，加或不加静脉注射地塞米松的止吐效果。60例接受总共209个周期潜在严重致吐性细胞毒性化疗的患者被随机分配接受一种或另一种止吐方案。在接受铂类化疗的患者中，加用地塞米松与恶心缓解率提高（P<0.01）和呕吐缓解率提高（P<0.05）相关。在非铂类化疗组中，加用地塞米松导致恶心持续时间和严重程度以及呕吐持续时间减少（每种情况P<0.05）。两种止吐方案耐受性良好，不良反应发生率低，且可在门诊轻松给药。
