2010 - 2017年澳大利亚昆士兰州支持麻疹监测的实验室方法

Laboratory methods supporting measles surveillance in Queensland, Australia, 2010-2017.

作者信息

McMahon Jamie L, Northill Judith A, Finger Mitchell, Lyon Michael, Lambert Stephen B, Mackay Ian M

机构信息

Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Public Health Virology Laboratory, Forensic and Scientific Services, Queensland Health, Coopers Plains, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia.

出版信息

Access Microbiol. 2020 Jan 27;2(3):acmi000093. doi: 10.1099/acmi.0.000093. eCollection 2020.

DOI:10.1099/acmi.0.000093

PMID:32974570

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7470308/

Abstract

PURPOSE

Australia was officially recognised as having eliminated endemic measles transmission in 2014. Maintaining laboratory support for surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases, such as measles, is an essential component of reaching and maintaining transmission-free status.

METHODOLOGY

Real-time and conventional PCR-based tools were used to detect, differentiate from measles vaccine virus (MeVV), and sequence fragments of measles viruses (MeV) identified from specimens collected in Queensland. Specimens were mostly from travellers who had visited or returned to Queensland from international or interstate sites or been in contact with a case from either group.

RESULTS

Between 2010 and 2017, 13 678 specimens were tested in our laboratory using real-time RT-PCR (RT-rPCR), identifying 533 positives. Most specimens were swabs (70.98 %) and urines (25.56 %). A MeVV RT-rPCR was used on request and identified 154 instances of MeVV. MeV-positive extracts were genotyped as required. Genotypes identified among sequenced specimens included B3, D4, D8, D9, G3, and H1 as well as members of clade A as expected from the detection of MeV among virus introductions due to global travel and vaccination.

CONCLUSION

We describe the workflow employed and results from our laboratory between 2010 and 2017 for the sensitive detection of MeV infection, supporting high-quality surveillance to ensure the maintenance of Australia's measles-free status.

摘要

目的

2014年澳大利亚被正式认定已消除地方性麻疹传播。维持对麻疹等疫苗可预防疾病监测的实验室支持，是实现并维持无传播状态的重要组成部分。

方法

使用基于实时和常规PCR的工具，对从昆士兰州收集的标本中鉴定出的麻疹病毒（MeV）进行检测、与麻疹疫苗病毒（MeVV）区分以及测序。标本大多来自曾前往国际或州际地区后返回昆士兰州的旅行者，或与这两类人群中的病例有过接触的人。

结果

2010年至2017年期间，我们实验室使用实时逆转录PCR（RT-rPCR）对13678份标本进行了检测，鉴定出533份阳性标本。大多数标本为拭子（70.98%）和尿液（25.56%）。应要求使用MeVV RT-rPCR，鉴定出154例MeVV。根据需要对MeV阳性提取物进行基因分型。在测序标本中鉴定出的基因型包括B3、D4、D8、D9、G3和H1，以及A进化枝的成员，这与因全球旅行和疫苗接种导致病毒传入时检测到的MeV情况相符。