Department of Communication Disorders, College of Health Professions, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, CT, United States.
Handb Clin Neurol. 2020;174:21-35. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-64148-9.00002-8.
Developmental language disorders (DLD) are prevalent and persistent among school-age children but are often underrecognized. This chapter discusses the ways in which the various components of communication are impacted by these disorders and outlines the differences in expression seen in different languages. Research on biological and psychologic roots of the syndrome is also reviewed. As yet, no single definitive cause has been identified; the disorders are likely to result from a constellation of genetic, biological, and cognitive weaknesses that are influenced by environmental experiences. Basic methods of assessment and differential diagnosis are presented and the principles guiding the development of intervention programs are discussed.
发育性语言障碍（DLD）在学龄儿童中普遍且持续存在，但往往未被识别。本章讨论了这些障碍如何影响沟通的各个组成部分，并概述了不同语言中表现出的差异。还回顾了该综合征的生物学和心理根源的研究。到目前为止，尚未确定单一的明确病因；这些障碍可能是由遗传、生物和认知弱点的组合引起的，这些弱点受环境经验的影响。提出了基本的评估和鉴别诊断方法，并讨论了指导干预计划制定的原则。
