College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 5500254, China; Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China.
Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing, 210042, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2020 Dec 15;206:111371. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111371. Epub 2020 Sep 23.
Antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance determinants and human pathogens are new types of environmental pollutants that pose a great threat to human health. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are important sources of novel pollutants; however, few studies have investigated their impact on surrounding natural water. Therefore, this study used a WWTP as the entry point to explore WWTP removal efficiency of antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance determinants and human pathogens and further analyze the impact of WWTP effluent on receiving waters. The investigated WWTP had a good removal effect on fluoroquinolones, macrolides, lincomycin, sulfanilamide, tetracycline and chloramphenicol antibiotics in wastewater, and the concentration of antibiotics in the WWTP's effluent was reduced by >80% relative to the influent. In addition to cmlA, the effect of the WWTP on antimicrobial resistance determinants removal was poor, although the effluent from the WWTP had no effect on the abundance of antimicrobial resistance determinants in the receiving water. However, with the dilution of receiving water, the abundance of antimicrobial resistance determinants gradually decreased. The WWTP could reduce the abundance of bacteria by 1000 times from influent water to effluent water. The major bacteria in the influent and effluent were Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. After effluent is discharged into receiving water, Cyanobacteria proliferate in large quantities, which can affect the microbial structure in the environment.The abundance of Acinetobacter, which was the predominant potential human pathogen in local wastewater, decreased dramatically after wastewater treatment. We also conducted an ecological risk assessment of the antibiotics identified and found that the ecological risk AZM and CLR posed to aquatic organisms was high. Overall, we identified the efficiency of WWTP control of antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance determinants and potential human pathogens and the impact of WWTP effluent on receiving water and provided data to support the control of the investigated pollutants.
抗生素、抗菌药物耐药决定因子和人类病原体是新型环境污染物，对人类健康构成巨大威胁。污水处理厂（WWTP）是新型污染物的重要来源，但很少有研究调查其对周围自然水的影响。因此，本研究以 WWTP 为切入点，探讨 WWTP 对抗生素、抗菌药物耐药决定因子和人类病原体的去除效率，并进一步分析 WWTP 出水对受纳水体的影响。研究的 WWTP 对污水中的氟喹诺酮类、大环内酯类、林可霉素类、磺胺类、四环素类和氯霉素类抗生素具有良好的去除效果，抗生素在 WWTP 出水中的浓度比进水减少了>80%。除 cmlA 外，WWTP 对抗菌药物耐药决定因子的去除效果较差，尽管 WWTP 出水对受纳水中抗菌药物耐药决定因子的丰度没有影响。然而，随着受纳水的稀释，抗菌药物耐药决定因子的丰度逐渐降低。WWTP 可以将进水中的细菌丰度降低 1000 倍到出水中。进水中和出水中的主要细菌为拟杆菌门和变形菌门。出水排入受纳水后，蓝藻大量繁殖，会影响环境中的微生物结构。在当地废水中占优势的潜在人类病原体不动杆菌的丰度在废水处理后显著下降。我们还对鉴定出的抗生素进行了生态风险评估，发现 AZM 和 CLR 对水生生物的生态风险较高。总体而言，我们确定了 WWTP 对抗生素、抗菌药物耐药决定因子和潜在人类病原体的控制效率以及 WWTP 出水对受纳水的影响，并提供了支持控制所研究污染物的数据。
