Royal Brompton Hospital, Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, London, UK; The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
Royal Brompton Hospital, Paediatric Respiratory Medicine, London, UK; National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, UK.
Paediatr Respir Rev. 2021 Jun;38:24-32. doi: 10.1016/j.prrv.2020.08.002. Epub 2020 Aug 26.
Exercise induced dyspnoea (EID) is a common manifestation in children and adolescents. Although EID is commonly attributed to exercise induced bronchoconstriction, several conditions other than asthma can cause EID in otherwise healthy children and adolescents. Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) offers a non-invasive comprehensive assessment of the cardiovascular, ventilatory and metabolic responses to exercise and is a powerful diagnostic and prognostic tool. CPET is a reproducible, non-invasive form of testing that allows for comparison against age- and gender-specific norms. CPET can assess the child's exercise capacity, determine the limiting factors associated with this, and be used to prescribe individualised interventions. EID can occur due to asthma, exercise induced laryngeal obstruction, breathing pattern disorders, chest wall restriction and cardiovascular pathology among other causes. Differentiating between these varied causes is important if effective therapy is to be initiated and quality of life improved in subjects with EID.
运动诱发呼吸困难（EID）是儿童和青少年的常见表现。虽然 EID 通常归因于运动诱发的支气管收缩，但除哮喘外，其他几种疾病也会导致健康的儿童和青少年出现 EID。心肺运动测试（CPET）提供了一种非侵入性的综合评估，可评估心血管、通气和代谢对运动的反应，是一种强大的诊断和预后工具。CPET 是一种可重复、非侵入性的测试方法，可与年龄和性别特异性的正常范围进行比较。CPET 可评估儿童的运动能力，确定与运动相关的限制因素，并用于制定个体化干预措施。EID 可由哮喘、运动诱发的喉阻塞、呼吸模式障碍、胸壁限制和心血管病理等引起。如果要启动有效的治疗并提高 EID 患者的生活质量，区分这些不同的原因很重要。
