Pu Feifei, Chen Fengxia, Zhang Zhicai, Liu Jianxiang, Shao Zengwu
Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
Department of Radiation and Medical Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
Onco Targets Ther. 2020 Sep 8;13:8931-8940. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S266835. eCollection 2020.
Osteosarcoma is a highly invasive kind of malignant bone tumor. Exosomes are a type of extracellular vesicles that play an important role in intercellular communication in the microenvironment. Tumor cell progression is promoted through the interaction between exosomes and cells in the microenvironment (including immune cells, mesenchymal cells, and endothelial cells) during tumor development. Neoplastic exosomes can carry a variety of biological information molecules, such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. These molecules play an important clinical role, not only being able domesticate the recipient cells but also being recognized as tumor specific markers. At the same time, exosomes secreted by osteosarcoma can also cooperate with antigen-presenting cells to activate the body's immune response and then to exert anti-tumor effects. Studies on exosomes may be a breakthrough in the search for a new osteosarcoma treatment. In this study, we review the role of neoplastic exosomes in the osteosarcoma microenvironment, summarize their potential as tumor markers, and investigate their clinical application prospects.
骨肉瘤是一种侵袭性很强的恶性骨肿瘤。外泌体是一种细胞外囊泡，在微环境中的细胞间通讯中起重要作用。在肿瘤发展过程中，外泌体与微环境中的细胞（包括免疫细胞、间充质细胞和内皮细胞）相互作用，促进肿瘤细胞进展。肿瘤来源的外泌体可携带多种生物信息分子，如蛋白质、脂质和核酸。这些分子发挥着重要的临床作用，不仅能够驯化受体细胞，还可被视为肿瘤特异性标志物。同时，骨肉瘤分泌的外泌体还可与抗原呈递细胞协同作用，激活机体的免疫反应，进而发挥抗肿瘤作用。对外泌体的研究可能是寻找骨肉瘤新治疗方法的一个突破。在本研究中，我们综述了肿瘤来源外泌体在骨肉瘤微环境中的作用，总结了它们作为肿瘤标志物的潜力，并探讨了它们的临床应用前景。
