Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Front Immunol. 2020 Sep 2;11:2022. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02022. eCollection 2020.
Natural killer (NK) cells play a significant role in immune tolerance and immune surveillance. Killer immunoglobin-like receptors (KIRs), which recognize human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules, are particularly important for NK cell functions. Previous studies have suggested that, in the setting of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), alloreactive NK cells from the donor could efficiently eliminate recipient tumor cells and the residual immune cells. Subsequently, several clinical models were established to determine the optimal donors who would exhibit a graft-vs. -leukemia (GVL) effect without developing graft-vs. -host disease (GVHD). In addition, hypotheses about specific beneficial receptor-ligand pairs and KIR genes have been raised and the favorable effects of alloreactive NK cells are being investigated. Moreover, with a deeper understanding of the process of NK cell reconstitution post-HSCT, new factors involved in this process and the defects of previous models have been observed. In this review, we summarize the most relevant literatures about the impact of NK cell alloreactivity on transplant outcomes and the factors affecting NK cell reconstitution.
自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞在免疫耐受和免疫监视中发挥重要作用。识别人类白细胞抗原 (HLA) Ⅰ类分子的杀伤免疫球蛋白样受体 (KIR) 对 NK 细胞功能尤为重要。先前的研究表明，在造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 中，供体的同种反应性 NK 细胞可以有效地消除受体肿瘤细胞和残留的免疫细胞。随后，建立了几种临床模型来确定具有移植物抗白血病 (GVL) 作用而不发生移植物抗宿主病 (GVHD) 的最佳供体。此外，还提出了关于特定有益的受体-配体对和 KIR 基因的假说，并正在研究同种反应性 NK 细胞的有利作用。此外，随着对 HSCT 后 NK 细胞重建过程的深入了解，观察到了该过程中涉及的新因素和先前模型的缺陷。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于 NK 细胞同种反应性对移植结果的影响以及影响 NK 细胞重建的因素的最相关文献。
