Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Clin Transl Med. 2024 Nov;14(11):e70046. doi: 10.1002/ctm2.70046.
UNLABELLED: Natural killer cell engagers (NKCEs) are a specialised subset of antibodies capable of simultaneously targeting endogenous NK cells and tumour cells, generating precise and effective cytolytic responses against cancer. This review systematically explores NK engagers as a rising star in NK-mediated immunotherapy, specifically focusing on multi-specific engagers. It examines the diverse configuration of NKCEs and how certain biologics could be employed to boost NK activity, including activating receptor engagement and cytokine incorporation. Some challenges and future perspectives of current NKCEs therapy are also discussed, including optimising pharmacokinetics, addressing the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment and exploring potential combinatorial approaches. By offering an in-depth analysis of the current landscape and future trajectories of multi-specific NKCEs in cancer treatment, this review serves as a valuable resource for understanding this promising field of immunotherapy. HIGHLIGHTS: Innovative NKCEs: NK cell engagers (NKCEs) represent a promising new class of immunotherapeutics targeting tumours by activating NK cells. Multi-specific formats: The transition from bi-specific to multi-specific NKCEs enhances their versatility and therapeutic efficacy. MECHANISMS OF ACTION: NKCEs have the potential to improve NK cell activation by engaging activating receptors and incorporating cytokines. CLINICAL POTENTIAL: Current clinical trials demonstrate the safety and efficacy of various NKCEs across different cancer types. Future research directions: Optimising NKCE designs and exploring combination therapies are essential for overcoming challenges in cancer treatment.
未标记:自然杀伤细胞衔接器(NKCEs)是一类特殊的抗体,能够同时靶向内源性 NK 细胞和肿瘤细胞,对癌症产生精确有效的细胞溶解反应。本综述系统地探讨了 NKCEs 作为 NK 介导免疫疗法的新兴力量,特别是聚焦于多特异性衔接器。它考察了 NKCEs 的多样化配置,以及某些生物制剂如何被用来增强 NK 活性,包括激活受体的结合和细胞因子的掺入。还讨论了当前 NKCEs 治疗的一些挑战和未来展望,包括优化药代动力学、解决免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境以及探索潜在的联合方法。通过深入分析多特异性 NKCEs 在癌症治疗中的现状和未来轨迹,本综述为理解这一有前途的免疫治疗领域提供了有价值的资源。 亮点:创新的 NKCEs:NK 细胞衔接器(NKCEs)通过激活 NK 细胞靶向肿瘤,代表了一类有前途的新型免疫治疗药物。多特异性格式:从双特异性到多特异性 NKCEs 的转变增强了它们的多功能性和治疗效果。 作用机制:NKCEs 通过结合激活受体和掺入细胞因子,有可能改善 NK 细胞的激活。 临床潜力:目前的临床试验表明,各种 NKCEs 在不同的癌症类型中具有安全性和疗效。未来的研究方向:优化 NKCEs 的设计和探索联合疗法对于克服癌症治疗中的挑战至关重要。
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