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从乌鸦和鸡中分离出的两株高致病性禽流感 H5N1 病毒在家鸦(Corvus splendens)中的实验感染与病理学研究。

Experimental infection and pathology of two highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses isolated from crow and chicken in house crows (Corvus splendens).

出版信息

Acta Virol. 2020;64(3):325-330. doi: 10.4149/av_2020_306.

Abstract

We investigated the experimental infection of two highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses isolated from crow (A/crow/Assam/142119/2008) and chicken (A/chicken/Sikkim/151466/2009) in house crows (Corvus splendens). Both viruses caused infection in crows, where four out of six and three out of six crows succumbed to H5N1 infection within 11 days post challenge by crow and chicken viruses, respectively. The major clinical signs in crows were wing paralysis, circling and torticollis. The virus shedding detected from swabs was not persistent in both crow nor chicken viruses. Both viruses were isolated more frequently from oral swabs than from cloacal swabs. Both virus strains were isolated from brain, lungs, heart, liver, pancreas, spleen, large intestines of crows that succumbed to H5N1 infection. The surviving birds seroconverted in response to H5N1 virus infection. Microscopically, both viruses caused coagulative necrosis in pancreas and kidneys. Brain showed gliosis and neuronal degeneration. This experimental study highlights that crows could be infected with H5N1 viruses from different hosts with minor differences in pathogenicity. Therefore, it is imperative to carry out surveillance of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus in synanthropic birds along with biosecurity measures to mitigate the H5N1 spread in poultry population. Keywords: chicken virus; crow virus; highly pathogenic avian influenza; house crows.

摘要

我们研究了两种从乌鸦(A/crow/Assam/142119/2008)和鸡(A/chicken/Sikkim/151466/2009)中分离出来的高致病性禽流感 H5N1 病毒对家鸦(Corvus splendens)的实验感染。两种病毒均能感染家鸦,6 只鸦中有 4 只和 6 只鸦中的 3 只分别在感染乌鸦和鸡病毒后 11 天内死于 H5N1 感染。家鸦的主要临床症状为翅膀麻痹、转圈和斜颈。在两种病毒中,从拭子中检测到的病毒脱落都不是持续性的。两种病毒从口腔拭子中分离的频率均高于从肛门拭子中分离的频率。两种病毒株均从感染 H5N1 的家鸦的脑、肺、心、肝、胰腺、脾、大肠中分离出来。存活的鸟类对 H5N1 病毒感染产生了血清转化。组织病理学检查显示,两种病毒均导致胰腺和肾脏发生凝固性坏死。脑显示神经胶质增生和神经元变性。这项实验研究表明,家鸦可以感染来自不同宿主的 H5N1 病毒,其致病性略有不同。因此,必须对伴生鸟类中的高致病性禽流感 H5N1 病毒进行监测,并采取生物安全措施,以减轻 H5N1 在禽群中的传播。关键词:鸡病毒;鸦病毒;高致病性禽流感;家鸦。

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