Physical Activity, Physical Education, Sport and Health (PAPESH) Research Centre, Sports Science Department, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Psychology Department, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, Reykjavík, Iceland.
Clin Neuropsychol. 2020 Dec;34(sup1):70-82. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2020.1814873. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
This study examined whether Icelandic female athletes in contact sports, based their self-reported concussion history on adequate medical definitions, by assessing self-reported concussion history with and without a definition of concussion. Another aim was to examine whether currently active athletes were more knowledgeable of concussions than retired athletes.
Participants (age = 26.9, SD = 7.1) were 508 former (34.5%) and current (65.5%) elite female athletes in soccer (41%), handball (30.6%), basketball (19.1%), ice hockey (4.5%) and combat sports (4.7%). An online questionnaire (QuestionPro) was distributed to females in contact sports (snowball sampling). Participants later came for an in-person interview where the authenticity of previous responses was confirmed. In the questionnaire, participants answered background questions and questions about concussion history. First, they reported the total number of sustained concussions without a prompt. They reported the number of sustained concussions again after reading a definition of concussion. Participants could not correct their previous answers. Pearson's Chi-square was used for group comparisons.
The prevalence of reported concussions increased from 40.2% to 64.8% following a definition. There was no significant difference in how many participants changed their answer when asked about sustaining SRCs before and after reading the definition based on whether the participants were still competitive or retired (1) = 0.69, = 0.41.
Our data suggest that understanding of concussions is inadequate among female athletes. Self-report will continue to be an essential source of clinical information and prompting with a definition can increase the reliability of self-reported concussions.
本研究通过评估有无脑震荡定义时的自我报告脑震荡史，来检验冰岛接触性运动项目的女性运动员是否基于充分的医学定义来报告其自我报告的脑震荡史。另一个目的是检验现役运动员是否比退役运动员更了解脑震荡。
参与者（年龄=26.9，标准差=7.1）为 508 名前（34.5%）和现役（65.5%）精英女性运动员，从事的运动项目有足球（41%）、手球（30.6%）、篮球（19.1%）、冰球（4.5%）和格斗运动（4.7%）。一项在线问卷（QuestionPro）以滚雪球抽样的方式分发给接触性运动项目的女性。参与者随后参加了面对面访谈，以确认之前回复的真实性。在问卷中，参与者回答了背景问题和脑震荡史问题。首先，他们在没有提示的情况下报告总共遭受过多少次脑震荡。在阅读脑震荡定义后，他们再次报告遭受过多少次脑震荡。参与者无法更正之前的答案。使用 Pearson 卡方检验进行组间比较。
在阅读定义后，报告的脑震荡发生率从 40.2%增加到 64.8%。根据参与者是否仍在竞技或退役，在询问他们在阅读定义前后是否遭受过 SRC 时，回答发生变化的参与者人数没有显著差异（1）= 0.69，p=0.41。
我们的数据表明，女性运动员对脑震荡的认识不足。自我报告将继续成为临床信息的重要来源，而通过定义提示可以提高自我报告脑震荡的可靠性。
