Nakata Jun, Isohashi Kayako, Morimoto Soyoko, Itou Ryota, Kamiya Takashi, Matsuura Ai, Nakajima Hiroko, Fujiki Fumihiro, Nishida Sumiyuki, Hasii Yoshiko, Hasegawa Kana, Nakatsuka Shinichi, Hosen Naoki, Tsuboi Akihiro, Oka Yoshihiro, Kumanogoh Atsushi, Shibano Masaru, Munakata Satoru, Oji Yusuke, Hatazawa Jun, Sugiyama Haruo
Department of Clinical Laboratory and Biomedical Sciences.
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Sep 25;99(39):e22417. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000022417.
It has become evident that positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET-CT) using 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) (FDG PET-CT) can detect anti-tumor immune response induced by various immunotherapies. To evaluate whether FDG PET-CT could detect anti-cancer immune response caused by cancer vaccine therapy, we performed a retrospective analysis of FDG PET-CT imaging of patients who were treated with Wilms Tumor 1 (WT1) vaccine therapy in Osaka University during July 2008 and June 2018. Increased FDG uptakes were detected in WT1-vaccinated skin and their draining lymph nodes during the repeated vaccination. While the FDG uptakes seemed to decrease with time after the cessation of WT1 peptide vaccinations, persistence of FDG uptakes for years in WT1-vaccinated skin were also observed in 2 cases who showed good clinical course. Moreover, the FDG uptakes of patients treated with the combination vaccine of WT1 specific cytotoxic T cell (CTL) and helper peptides were significantly stronger than of those treated with the WT1 CTL peptide alone. Since it is evident that the combination vaccine can induce a more robust anti-tumor immunity than can CTL peptide vaccine alone, the FDG uptakes in WT1-vaccinated skin might reflect the degree of immune response. These results suggest that PET-CT might be a good tool for prediction of anti-tumor immune response induced by WT1 vaccine therapy. Larger scale prospective studies therefore seem to be warranted.
显而易见，使用2-脱氧-2-[F-18]氟-D-葡萄糖（FDG）的正电子发射断层扫描/计算机断层扫描（PET-CT）（FDG PET-CT）能够检测出各种免疫疗法诱导的抗肿瘤免疫反应。为了评估FDG PET-CT是否能够检测癌症疫苗疗法引起的抗癌免疫反应，我们对2008年7月至2018年6月期间在大阪大学接受威尔姆斯瘤1（WT1）疫苗治疗的患者的FDG PET-CT成像进行了回顾性分析。在重复接种疫苗期间，在接种WT1疫苗的皮肤及其引流淋巴结中检测到FDG摄取增加。虽然在停止WT1肽疫苗接种后，FDG摄取似乎随时间减少，但在2例临床病程良好的病例中，也观察到接种WT1疫苗的皮肤中FDG摄取持续数年。此外，接受WT1特异性细胞毒性T细胞（CTL）和辅助肽联合疫苗治疗的患者的FDG摄取明显强于仅接受WT1 CTL肽治疗的患者。由于显然联合疫苗比单独的CTL肽疫苗能诱导更强有力的抗肿瘤免疫，接种WT1疫苗的皮肤中的FDG摄取可能反映免疫反应的程度。这些结果表明，PET-CT可能是预测WT1疫苗疗法诱导的抗肿瘤免疫反应的良好工具。因此，似乎有必要进行更大规模的前瞻性研究。
