生物和环境因素对神经认知老化异质性的预测：来自桦木和其他纵向研究的证据。

Biological and environmental predictors of heterogeneity in neurocognitive ageing: Evidence from Betula and other longitudinal studies.

机构信息

Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden; Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden.

Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Center for Functional Brain Imaging (UFBI), Umeå University, S-90187 Umeå, Sweden; Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance (DRCMR), Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark; Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen (ISMC), Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark.

出版信息

Ageing Res Rev. 2020 Dec;64:101184. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101184. Epub 2020 Sep 28.

DOI:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101184

PMID:32992046

Abstract

Individual differences in cognitive performance increase with advancing age, reflecting marked cognitive changes in some individuals along with little or no change in others. Genetic and lifestyle factors are assumed to influence cognitive performance in ageing by affecting the magnitude and extent of age-related brain changes (i.e., brain maintenance or atrophy), as well as the ability to recruit compensatory processes. The purpose of this review is to present findings from the Betula study and other longitudinal studies, with a focus on clarifying the role of key biological and environmental factors assumed to underlie individual differences in brain and cognitive ageing. We discuss the vital importance of sampling, analytic methods, consideration of non-ignorable dropout, and related issues for valid conclusions on factors that influence healthy neurocognitive ageing.

摘要

个体的认知表现差异随着年龄的增长而增加，这反映了一些个体的认知变化显著，而其他个体的认知变化则很小或没有。遗传和生活方式因素被认为通过影响与年龄相关的大脑变化（即大脑维持或萎缩）的程度和范围，以及招募补偿过程的能力，从而影响衰老过程中的认知表现。本综述的目的是介绍 Betula 研究和其他纵向研究的结果，重点在于阐明假设导致大脑和认知衰老个体差异的关键生物和环境因素的作用。我们讨论了采样、分析方法、不可忽视的辍学考虑以及对影响健康神经认知衰老因素的有效结论的相关问题的重要性。