Shang Tongyi, Yu Xinying, Han Shisong, Yang Bin
The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, P. R. China.
Biomater Sci. 2020 Oct 7;8(19):5241-5259. doi: 10.1039/d0bm01158d. Epub 2020 Sep 7.
The emerging anti-tumor immunotherapy has made significant progress in clinical application. However, single immunotherapy is not effective for all anti-tumor treatments, owing to the low objective response rate and the risk of immune-related side effects. Meanwhile, photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted significant attention because of its non-invasiveness, spatiotemporal controllability and small side effects. Combining PTT with immunotherapy overcomes the issue that single photothermal therapy cannot eradicate tumors with metastasis and recurrence. However, it improves the therapeutic effect of immunotherapy, as the photothermal therapy usually promotes release of tumor-related antigens, triggers immune response by the immunogenic cell death (ICD), thereby, endowing unique synergistic mechanisms for cancer therapy. This review summarizes recent research advances in utilizing nanomedicines for PTT in combination with immunotherapy to improve the outcome of cancer treatment. The strategies include immunogenic cell death, immune agonists and cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint blockades and tumor specific monoclonal antibodies, and small-molecule immune inhibitors. The combination of synergized PTT-immunotherapy with other therapeutic strategies is also discussed.
新兴的抗肿瘤免疫疗法在临床应用中取得了重大进展。然而，由于客观缓解率低和免疫相关副作用的风险，单一免疫疗法并非对所有抗肿瘤治疗都有效。同时，光热疗法（PTT）因其非侵入性、时空可控性和副作用小而备受关注。将PTT与免疫疗法相结合克服了单一光热疗法无法根除转移和复发肿瘤的问题。然而，它提高了免疫疗法的治疗效果，因为光热疗法通常促进肿瘤相关抗原的释放，通过免疫原性细胞死亡（ICD）触发免疫反应，从而为癌症治疗赋予独特的协同机制。本文综述了利用纳米药物进行PTT与免疫疗法联合应用以改善癌症治疗效果的最新研究进展。这些策略包括免疫原性细胞死亡、免疫激动剂和癌症疫苗、免疫检查点阻断和肿瘤特异性单克隆抗体以及小分子免疫抑制剂。还讨论了协同的PTT-免疫疗法与其他治疗策略的联合应用。
