Professor, Faculty of Public Health and Policy/London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. London - UK
Research Fellow, Department of History/University of Warwick. Coventry - UK
Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos. 2020 Sep;27(suppl 1):71-93. doi: 10.1590/S0104-59702020000300005.
We examine the efforts of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) to extend medical care under social security, through international conventions, advocacy and technical assistance. We consider the challenges faced by the ILO in advancing global health coverage through its labourist, social security model. The narrative begins in the interwar period, with the early conventions on sickness insurance, then discusses the rights-based universalistic vision expressed in the Philadelphia Declaration (1944). We characterize the ILO's postwar research and technical assistance as "progressive gradualism" then show how from the late-1970s the ILO became increasingly marginalized, though it retained an advisory role within the now dominant "co-operative pluralistic" model.
我们考察了国际劳工组织（劳工组织）通过国际公约、宣传和技术援助努力扩大社会保障下的医疗保健范围。我们考虑了劳工组织在通过其劳工、社会保障模式推进全球健康覆盖方面所面临的挑战。叙述始于两次世界大战期间，当时有关于疾病保险的早期公约，然后讨论了《费城宣言》（1944 年）所表达的基于权利的普遍主义愿景。我们将劳工组织战后的研究和技术援助描述为“渐进式进步主义”，然后表明，自 20 世纪 70 年代末以来，尽管在现在占主导地位的“合作多元化”模式中保留了咨询作用，但劳工组织的地位却日益边缘化。
