Dong Fang, Wu Mingjie, Zhang Gaixia, Liu Xianhu, Rawach Diane, Tavares Ana C, Sun Shuhui
Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Énergie Matériaux et Télécommunications, Varennes, QC J3X 1S2, Canada.
Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, P. R. China.
Chem Asian J. 2020 Nov 16;15(22):3737-3751. doi: 10.1002/asia.202001031. Epub 2020 Oct 20.
Rechargeable zinc-air batteries (ZABs) are considered as one of the most promising electrochemical energy devices due to their various unique advantages. Oxygen electrocatalysis, involving the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), determines the overall performance of zinc-air batteries. Therefore, the development of highly efficient bifunctional ORR/OER catalysts is critical for the large-scale application of ZABs. Carbon-based nanomaterials have been widely reported to be efficient electrocatalysts toward both ORR and OER. The enhanced activity of these electrocatalysts are usually attributed to different doping defects, synergistic effects and even the intrinsic carbon defects. Herein, an overview of the defect engineering in carbon-based electrocatalysts for ORR and OER is provided. The different types of intrinsic carbon defects and strategies for the generation of other defects in carbon-based electrocatalysts are presented. The interaction of heteroatoms doped carbon and transition metals (TMs) is also explored. In the end, the existing challenges and future perspectives on defect engineering are discussed.
可充电锌空气电池（ZABs）因其诸多独特优势而被视为最具前景的电化学能量装置之一。氧电催化涉及氧还原反应（ORR）和析氧反应（OER），决定了锌空气电池的整体性能。因此，开发高效的双功能ORR/OER催化剂对于ZABs的大规模应用至关重要。碳基纳米材料已被广泛报道为对ORR和OER均有效的电催化剂。这些电催化剂活性的增强通常归因于不同的掺杂缺陷、协同效应甚至本征碳缺陷。本文提供了用于ORR和OER的碳基电催化剂中缺陷工程的概述。介绍了不同类型的本征碳缺陷以及在碳基电催化剂中产生其他缺陷的策略。还探讨了杂原子掺杂碳与过渡金属（TMs）的相互作用。最后，讨论了缺陷工程目前存在的挑战和未来展望。
