J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2020 Jul 1;110(4). doi: 10.7547/17-185.
Wearing high-heeled shoes and carrying asymmetrical loads are common in ladies. However, knowledge of the effects of wearing high-heeled shoes on balance and lower-extremity biomechanics in experienced and novice high-heeled shoe wearers is lacking. The study aims to examine the effects of high-heeled shoes and asymmetrical load carrying on joint kinematics and kinetics of the lower extremity during walking as well as balance in experienced and novice high-heeled shoe wearers.
Fifteen experienced and 15 novice high-heeled shoes wearers participated in this study. Using a motion analysis system, kinematic and kinetic data were collected while participants walked at their preferred speed in six conditions created from two types of shoes (9-cm high-heeled shoes and flat-heeled shoes) and three weights of symmetrical load (0%, 5%, and 10% of body weight). Stride time and length, step length, double support time, peak joint angles, and joint moments in a sagittal plane were analyzed. Single-leg and tandem-leg stance tests were performed in each condition.
Compared with experienced high-heeled shoe wearers, novice high-heeled shoe wearers had longer double support time and shorter stride length during 10% of body weight asymmetrical load walking; walked with greater knee flexion angle, smaller knee range of motion, and smaller ankle dorsiflexor moment; and scored lower in the single-leg and tandem-leg stance tests.
Novice high-heeled shoe wearers need to alter their lower-limb joint angles and moments to adjust to high-heeled shoes to achieve balance during gait while carrying an asymmetrical load.
穿高跟鞋和携带不对称负载在女士中很常见。然而，对于经验丰富和新手高跟鞋穿着者，穿着高跟鞋对平衡和下肢生物力学的影响的知识还很缺乏。本研究旨在研究高跟鞋和不对称负载对经验丰富和新手高跟鞋穿着者行走时下肢关节运动学和动力学以及平衡的影响。
本研究纳入了 15 名经验丰富和 15 名新手高跟鞋穿着者。参与者以他们的习惯速度行走时，使用运动分析系统收集了运动学和动力学数据，共涉及六种情况，由两种类型的鞋子（9 厘米高跟鞋和平跟鞋）和三种对称负载重量（0%、5%和 10%的体重）组成。分析了步幅时间和长度、步长、双支撑时间、峰值关节角度和矢状面的关节力矩。在每种情况下都进行了单腿和双腿站立测试。
与经验丰富的高跟鞋穿着者相比，新手高跟鞋穿着者在携带 10%体重不对称负载行走时，双支撑时间更长，步幅更短；膝关节弯曲角度更大，膝关节运动范围更小，踝关节背屈力矩更小；单腿和双腿站立测试得分更低。
新手高跟鞋穿着者需要改变下肢关节角度和力矩，以适应高跟鞋，在携带不对称负载时保持步态平衡。
