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贵州矮马主要组织相容性复合体II类基因的遗传变异与选择

Genetic variation and selection in the major histocompatibility complex Class II gene in the Guizhou pony.

作者信息

Liu Chang, Lei Hongmei, Ran Xueqin, Wang Jiafu

机构信息

College of Animal Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.

College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China.

出版信息

PeerJ. 2020 Sep 18;8:e9889. doi: 10.7717/peerj.9889. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

The Guizhou pony (GZP) is an indigenous species of equid found in the mountains of the Guizhou province in southwest China. We selected four regions of the equine leukocyte antigen (ELA), including , , and and used them to assess the diversity of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II gene using direct sequencing technology. had the lowest / ratio (0.560) compared with the other three loci, indicating that was conserved and could be conserved after undergoing selective processes. Nine , five , nine and seven codons were under significant positive selection at the antigen binding sites (ABS), suggesting that the selected residues in ABS may play a significant role in the innate immune system of the GZP. Two GZP alleles were shared with Przewalski's horse, and six older GZP haplotypes had a better relationship with other horse species by one or two mutational steps, indicating that the GZP may be a natural ancient variety of equid. The specific diversity of ABS and the numbers of unique haplotypes in the evolutionary process affords this species a better genetic fitness and ability to adapt to the native environment.

摘要

贵州马(GZP)是中国西南部贵州省山区发现的一种本土马属物种。我们选取了马白细胞抗原(ELA)的四个区域,包括[具体区域1]、[具体区域2]、[具体区域3]和[具体区域4],并使用直接测序技术来评估主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)II类基因的多样性。[具体区域名称]与其他三个位点相比具有最低的[具体比值](0.560),表明[具体区域名称]是保守的,并且在经历选择过程后仍可保持保守。九个[具体基因名称1]、五个[具体基因名称2]、九个[具体基因名称3]和七个[具体基因名称4]密码子在抗原结合位点(ABS)处受到显著的正选择,这表明ABS中选定的残基可能在贵州马的先天免疫系统中发挥重要作用。两个贵州马等位基因与普氏野马共享,并且六个较古老的贵州马单倍型通过一到两个突变步骤与其他马种有更好的关系,这表明贵州马可能是马属的一个天然古老变种。在进化过程中ABS的特定多样性和独特单倍型的数量赋予了该物种更好的遗传适应性和适应本土环境的能力。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e661/7505079/ea8b4c097653/peerj-08-9889-g001.jpg

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