Marin L, Sanér G, Sökücü S, Günoz H, Neyzi O, Zetterström R
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1987 May;76(3):431-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1987.tb10494.x.
The clinical response and changes in water and salt homeostasis during ORT was studied in 15 infants less than 2 months old (range 2-50 days) with acute diarrhoea. Eight patients were neonates and 7 were 1-2 months old. The oral rehydration solution contained 60 mmol sodium per litre. All patients except one were successfully rehydrated. The fluid retention was significantly higher in neonates and young infants than in infants above 3 months of age treated in the same way. One patient in the group of neonates who had a normal sodium level on admission developed hypernatremia with a sodium level of 162 mmol/l 36 hours after the start of ORT. The urinary sodium excretion was lower in the neonates than in the young infants. The results show that neonates and young infants have a lower capacity than older infants to excrete water and salt and therefore run a great risk of developing fluid and salt retention during ORT. The risk is most pronounced in neonates who, due to immaturity of the renal function, are unable to excrete excess fluid and salt.
对15名2个月以下（年龄范围2 - 50天）患有急性腹泻的婴儿进行了口服补液疗法（ORT）期间的临床反应以及水盐稳态变化的研究。其中8例为新生儿，7例为1 - 2个月大的婴儿。口服补液溶液每升含60毫摩尔钠。除1例患者外，所有患者均成功实现补液。以同样方式治疗的新生儿和小婴儿的液体潴留明显高于3个月以上的婴儿。一组入院时血钠水平正常的新生儿中，有1例在ORT开始36小时后出现血钠水平为162毫摩尔/升的高钠血症。新生儿的尿钠排泄低于小婴儿。结果表明，新生儿和小婴儿排泄水盐的能力低于较大婴儿，因此在ORT期间发生液体和盐分潴留的风险很大。这种风险在新生儿中最为明显，因为其肾功能不成熟，无法排泄多余的液体和盐分。
