Department of Optics, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2020 Nov;40(6):790-800. doi: 10.1111/opo.12738. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
The prescription of blue-blocking (B-B) filters for the management of visual symptoms and signs associated with the use of electronic devices is routinely performed by eye care specialists. However, the utility of B-B filters is a matter of debate and discussion by the scientific community due to the lack of evidence supporting their use. Here, we aimed to determine the effects of using B-B filters on the dynamics of the accommodative response and pupil size and perceived levels of visual discomfort, while performing a 30-min reading task at a close distance in subjects who routinely use electronic devices.
Nineteen healthy young adults (22.0 ± 2.7 years) read two 30-min passages on a computer screen placed at 50 cm, either while using a commercially available B-B filter or without any filter on two different days. The magnitude and variability of both the accommodative response and pupil size were dynamically measured for 60 s using the WAM-5500 open field autorefractometer at 4-5, 9-10, 14-15, 19-20, 24-25, and 29-30 min into the trial. The perceived levels of visual discomfort were also obtained.
The lag and variability of accommodation were insensitive to the blue light level (p = 0.34 and 0.62, respectively). There was a time-on-task effect for the variability of accommodation, showing greater instability over time regardless of the blue light level. The use of the B-B filter was associated with improved reading speed (p = 0.02), with an increase of 16.5 words per minute. However, it was not associated with any significant change in pupil dynamics or the perceived levels of visual discomfort (p> 0.05 in both cases).
Our data showed that the use of a B-B filter had no effect on accommodative dynamics or visual symptomatology. Based on these findings, there is no support for the prescription of B-B filters to attenuate the visual symptoms and signs associated with the use of electronic devices in healthy young adults.
眼科专家通常会为与使用电子设备相关的视觉症状和体征开具蓝阻（B-B）滤光镜的处方。然而，由于缺乏支持其使用的证据，B-B 滤光镜的效用在科学界一直存在争议。在这里，我们旨在确定在使用电子设备的健康年轻人进行 30 分钟近距离阅读任务时，使用 B-B 滤光镜对调节反应和瞳孔大小的动力学以及视觉不适的感知水平的影响。
19 名健康的年轻人（22.0±2.7 岁）在两天的不同时间内，在距离 50 厘米的电脑屏幕上阅读两个 30 分钟的段落，分别使用市售 B-B 滤光镜和不使用任何滤光镜。使用 WAM-5500 开放式视野自动折射仪在 4-5、9-10、14-15、19-20、24-25 和 29-30 分钟时动态测量 60 秒的调节反应和瞳孔大小的幅度和可变性。还获得了视觉不适的感知水平。
调节滞后和变异性对蓝光水平不敏感（分别为 p=0.34 和 0.62）。随着时间的推移，调节变异性存在时间任务效应，无论蓝光水平如何，随着时间的推移稳定性都会降低。使用 B-B 滤光镜与阅读速度的提高相关（p=0.02），每分钟增加 16.5 个单词。然而，它与瞳孔动力学或视觉不适的感知水平没有任何显著变化相关（在两种情况下 p>0.05）。
我们的数据表明，使用 B-B 滤光镜对调节动力学或视觉症状没有影响。基于这些发现，在健康的年轻人中，没有证据支持开具 B-B 滤光镜来减轻与使用电子设备相关的视觉症状和体征。
