Maher J F
Am J Kidney Dis. 1987 Jul;10(1):19-22. doi: 10.1016/s0272-6386(87)80005-7.
Pleural abnormalities of uremia have been recognized for many years but have been given little attention despite their high incidence. Mechanisms underlying pleural effusion relate to filtration forces across subpleural capillaries and lymphatic absorption, either of which can be abnormal in patients with renal failure. Uremic patients have increased susceptibility to many causes of pleural exudate. In addition, a specific uremic pleuritis has been characterized as necrotizing fibrinous sterile exudate that is often hemorrhagic. Spontaneous remission, often with recurrences, or constrictive pleural thickening requiring surgical decortication may occur. Neither the pathogenesis nor the appropriate treatment of uremic pleuritis has been established definitively.
尿毒症的胸膜异常多年来已为人所知，但尽管其发病率很高，却很少受到关注。胸腔积液的潜在机制与跨胸膜下毛细血管的滤过力和淋巴吸收有关，而这两者在肾衰竭患者中都可能异常。尿毒症患者对多种胸腔渗出液病因的易感性增加。此外，一种特定的尿毒症胸膜炎表现为坏死性纤维蛋白性无菌渗出液，通常是出血性的。可能会出现自发缓解，常伴有复发，或出现需要手术剥脱的缩窄性胸膜增厚。尿毒症胸膜炎的发病机制和适当治疗都尚未明确确立。
