Jouini Amira, Verdeguer Mercedes, Pinton Samuele, Araniti Fabrizio, Palazzolo Eristanna, Badalucco Luigi, Laudicina Vito Armando
Department of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Building 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Plants (Basel). 2020 Sep 29;9(10):1289. doi: 10.3390/plants9101289.
Essential oils (EOs), extracted from aromatic plants, have been proposed as candidates to develop natural herbicides. This study aimed to evaluate the herbicidal potential of (L.) Cav., L. and L. essential oils (EOs) on L., (L.) P. Beauv, L. and L. and their effects on soil microorganisms. A pot experiment was set up and three EOs at three doses were applied by irrigation. Efficacy and effects of EOs on weed growth were determined. Soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, microbial respiration, and the main microbial groups were determined at days 7, 28 and 56. EOs demonstrated herbicidal activity, increasing their toxicity with the dose. was the most effective against all weeds at the maximum dose. was the most resistant weed. Soil microorganisms, after a transient upheaval period induced by the addition of EOs, recovered their initial function and biomass. EO at the highest dose did not allow soil microorganisms to recover their initial functionality. EOs exhibited great potential as natural herbicides but the optimum dose of application must be identified to control weeds and not negatively affect soil microorganisms.
从芳香植物中提取的精油（EOs）已被提议作为开发天然除草剂的候选物。本研究旨在评估毛罗勒（Ocimum basilicum (L.) Cav.）、丁香罗勒（Ocimum gratissimum L.）和唇萼薄荷（Mentha pulegium L.）精油对反枝苋（Amaranthus retroflexus L.）、臂形草（Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) Hitchc.）、马唐（Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.）和稗草（Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv.）的除草潜力及其对土壤微生物的影响。设置了盆栽试验，通过灌溉施用三种剂量的三种精油。测定了精油对杂草生长的功效和影响。在第7天、28天和56天测定了土壤微生物生物量碳和氮、微生物呼吸以及主要微生物类群。精油表现出除草活性，并随着剂量增加毒性增强。在最大剂量下，唇萼薄荷精油对所有杂草最有效。反枝苋是最具抗性的杂草。在添加精油引起的短暂动荡期后，土壤微生物恢复了其初始功能和生物量。最高剂量的唇萼薄荷精油使土壤微生物无法恢复其初始功能。精油作为天然除草剂具有很大潜力，但必须确定最佳施用量，以控制杂草且不对土壤微生物产生负面影响。
