Metabolic and Molecular Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, UMONS, 20 place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
Human Biology and Toxicology unit, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, UMONS, 20 Place du Parc, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
Nutrients. 2020 Sep 29;12(10):2984. doi: 10.3390/nu12102984.
Obesity is an alarming yet increasing phenomenon worldwide, and more effective obesity management strategies have become essential. In addition to the numerous anti-adipogenic treatments promising a restauration of a healthy white adipose tissue (WAT) function, numerous studies reported on the critical role of nutritional parameters in obesity development. In a metabolic disorder context, a better control of nutrient intake is a key step in slowing down adipogenesis and therefore obesity. Of interest, the effect on WAT remodeling deserves deeper investigations. Among the different actors of WAT plasticity, the mitochondrial network plays a central role due to its dynamics and essential cellular functions. Hence, the present in vitro study, conducted on the 3T3-L1 cell line, aimed at evaluating the incidence of modulating the carbohydrates intake on adipogenesis through an integrated assessment of mitochondrial structure, dynamics, and functions-correlated changes. For this purpose, our experimental strategy was to compare the occurrence of adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells cultured either in a high-glucose (HG) medium (25 mM) or in a low-glucose (LG) medium (5 mM) supplemented with equivalent galactose (GAL) levels (20 mM). The present LG-GAL condition was associated, in differentiating adipocytes, to a reduced lipid droplet network, lower expressions of early and late adipogenic genes and proteins, an increased mitochondrial network with higher biogenesis marker expression, an equilibrium in the mitochondrial fusion/fission pattern, and a decreased expression of mitochondrial metabolic overload protein markers. Therefore, those main findings show a clear effect of modulating glucose accessibility on 3T3-L1 adipogenesis through a combined effect of adipogenesis modulation and overall improvement of the mitochondrial health status. This nutritional approach offers promising opportunities in the control and prevention of obesity.
肥胖是一个令人震惊且日益严重的全球现象，因此需要更有效的肥胖管理策略。除了许多有希望恢复健康白色脂肪组织（WAT）功能的抗脂肪生成治疗方法外，许多研究还报告了营养参数在肥胖发展中的关键作用。在代谢紊乱的情况下，更好地控制营养摄入是减缓脂肪生成从而控制肥胖的关键步骤。值得注意的是，WAT 重塑的影响值得更深入的研究。在 WAT 可塑性的不同因素中，由于其动态性和基本细胞功能，线粒体网络起着核心作用。因此，本体外研究针对 3T3-L1 细胞系进行，旨在通过对线粒体结构、动态和功能相关变化的综合评估，评估调节碳水化合物摄入对脂肪生成的影响。为此，我们的实验策略是比较在高葡萄糖（HG）培养基（25 mM）或低葡萄糖（LG）培养基（5 mM）中培养的 3T3-L1 细胞中脂肪生成的发生情况，其中 LG 培养基中添加了等量的半乳糖（GAL）（20 mM）。在分化的脂肪细胞中，LG-GAL 条件与减少的脂滴网络、早期和晚期脂肪生成基因和蛋白表达降低、线粒体网络增加（具有更高的生物发生标志物表达）、线粒体融合/裂变模式平衡以及线粒体代谢过载蛋白标志物表达降低有关。因此，这些主要发现表明，通过调节葡萄糖的可及性对 3T3-L1 脂肪生成的调节作用具有明显的效果，这种调节作用结合了脂肪生成的调节和整体改善线粒体健康状况的作用。这种营养方法为控制和预防肥胖提供了有希望的机会。
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