Department of Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th St., MS 9430, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.
BMC Psychiatry. 2020 Oct 1;20(1):483. doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02895-4.
Global 12-month psychosis prevalence is estimated at roughly 0.4%, although prevalence of antipsychotic use in the U.S. is estimated at roughly 1.7%. Antipsychotics are frequently prescribed for off label uses, but have also been shown to carry risk factors for certain comorbid conditions and with other prescription medications. The study aims to describe the socio-demographic and health characteristics of U.S. adults taking prescription antipsychotic medications, and to better understand the association of antipsychotic medications and comorbid chronic diseases.
The study pools 2013-2018 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of non-institutionalized U.S. residents (n = 17,691). Survey staff record prescription medications taken within the past 30 days for each respondent, from which typical and atypical antipsychotic medications were identified.
Prevalence of antipsychotic use among U.S. adults was 1.6% (n = 320). Over 90% of individuals taking antipsychotics reported having health insurance and a usual place for care, significantly more than their counterparts not taking antipsychotics. Further, those taking antipsychotics reported higher prevalence of comorbid chronic diseases and took an average of 2.3 prescription medications more than individuals not taking antipsychotics. Individuals taking antipsychotics were more likely to sleep 9 or more hours per night, be a current smoker, and have a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m.
U.S. adults who take antipsychotic medications report more consistent health care access and higher prevalence of comorbid chronic diseases compared to those not taking antipsychotics. The higher comorbidity prevalence and number of total prescriptions highlight the need for careful assessment and monitoring of existing comorbidities and potential drug-drug interactions among adults taking antipsychotics in the U.S.
全球 12 个月精神病患病率估计约为 0.4%，尽管美国抗精神病药物的使用率估计约为 1.7%。抗精神病药物经常被开用于非适应证，但也被证明与某些合并症和其他处方药有关。该研究旨在描述服用处方抗精神病药物的美国成年人的社会人口统计学和健康特征，并更好地了解抗精神病药物与合并慢性疾病的关系。
该研究汇总了 2013-2018 年全国健康和营养调查（NHANES）的数据，这是一项针对非住院美国居民的全国代表性横断面调查（n=17691）。调查人员记录每位受访者在过去 30 天内服用的处方药物，从中确定了典型和非典型抗精神病药物。
美国成年人抗精神病药物使用率为 1.6%（n=320）。超过 90%的服用抗精神病药物的人报告有医疗保险和常规医疗服务，明显高于未服用抗精神病药物的人。此外，服用抗精神病药物的人报告有更高的合并慢性疾病患病率，平均服用 2.3 种以上的处方药，而非服用抗精神病药物的人。服用抗精神病药物的人更有可能每晚睡 9 个小时或更长时间，当前吸烟，以及体重指数大于 30kg/m。
与未服用抗精神病药物的人相比，服用抗精神病药物的美国成年人报告说他们更能持续获得医疗保健服务，并且更有可能患有合并慢性疾病。更高的合并症患病率和总处方数量强调了在美国，需要仔细评估和监测服用抗精神病药物的成年人现有的合并症和潜在的药物相互作用。
