Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2021 Jan 1;16(1):145-148. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2019-0790. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
To evaluate the effects of wearing upper- and lower-body compression garments on cross-country skiing performance in elite winter biathletes.
A total of 7 senior biathletes (4 men and 3 women) from the Swedish national team performed 2 exercise trials in a randomized and counterbalanced order, wearing either commercially available upper- and lower-body compression garments (COMP) or a standard winter-biathlon racing suit (CON). In each trial, the athletes roller-skied on a customized treadmill, completing a time trial simulating the skiing duration of a biathlon sprint race, followed by a time-to-exhaustion test designed to elicit exhaustion within ∼60 to 90 seconds. Heart rate, blood lactate concentration, rating of perceived exertion, thermal sensation, and thermal comfort were monitored throughout each trial, while muscle soreness was measured up to 48 hours after each trial.
Pressure exerted by the clothing was significantly higher at all anatomical sites for COMP compared with CON (P ≤ .002). Wearing COMP led to small positive effects on time-trial (d = 0.31) and time-to-exhaustion test (d = 0.31) performances compared with CON, but these differences were not statistically significant (P > .05). No significant differences were found for any physiological (heart rate or blood lactate concentration) or subjective (rating of perceived exertion, thermal sensation, thermal comfort, or muscle soreness) responses between COMP and CON (P > .05).
Wearing COMP during maximal cross-country skiing may have small but worthwhile beneficial effects on performance for some individuals. Due to individual variation, athletes are advised to test COMP prior to competition.
评估在冬季精英双向飞碟运动员中穿着上下身压缩服装对越野滑雪表现的影响。
共有 7 名来自瑞典国家队的高级冬季两项运动员（4 男 3 女），以随机和交替的方式进行了 2 项运动试验，分别穿着市售的上下身压缩服装（COMP）或标准的冬季两项比赛套装（CON）。在每个试验中，运动员在定制的跑步机上进行轮滑，完成模拟冬季两项冲刺比赛滑雪时间的计时赛，然后进行时间至疲劳试验，旨在 60 至 90 秒内使运动员疲劳。在每个试验中监测心率、血乳酸浓度、感知用力程度、热感觉和热舒适度，而肌肉酸痛则在每个试验后 48 小时内测量。
与 CON 相比，COMP 在所有解剖部位的服装施加的压力均显著更高（P ≤.002）。与 CON 相比，穿着 COMP 对计时赛（d = 0.31）和时间至疲劳试验（d = 0.31）表现有较小的积极影响，但这些差异无统计学意义（P >.05）。在生理（心率或血乳酸浓度）或主观（感知用力程度、热感觉、热舒适度或肌肉酸痛）反应方面，COMP 和 CON 之间未发现显著差异（P >.05）。
在最大程度的越野滑雪中穿着 COMP 可能对某些人的表现有微小但有价值的有益影响。由于个体差异，运动员在比赛前建议进行 COMP 测试。
