a Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences , Mid Sweden University , Östersund , Sweden.
b Human Nutrition Research Centre, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , UK.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2018 Nov;18(10):1299-1308. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1484521. Epub 2018 Jun 20.
This study investigated whether commercially available compression garments (COMP) exerting a moderate level of pressure and/or neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) accelerate recovery following a cross-country sprint skiing competition compared with a control group (CON) consisting of active recovery only. Twenty-one senior (12 males, 9 females) and 11 junior (6 males, 5 females) Swedish national team skiers performed an outdoor sprint skiing competition involving four sprints lasting ∼3-4 min. Before the competition, skiers were matched by sex and skiing level (senior versus junior) and randomly assigned to COMP (n = 11), NMES (n = 11) or CON (n = 10). Creatine kinase (CK), urea, countermovement jump (CMJ) height, and perceived muscle pain were measured before and 8, 20, 44 and 68 h after competition. Neither COMP nor NMES promoted the recovery of blood biomarkers, CMJ or perceived pain post-competition compared with CON (all P > .05). When grouping all 32 participants, urea and perceived muscle pain increased from baseline, peaking at 8 h (standardised mean difference (SMD), [95% confidence intervals (CIs)]): 2.8 [2.3, 3.2]) and 44 h (odds ratio [95% CI]: 3.3 [2.1, 5.1]) post-competition, respectively. Additionally, CMJ was lower than baseline 44 and 68 h post-competition in both males and females (P < .05). CK increased from baseline in males, peaking at 44 h (SMD: 1.4 [-0.4, 0.9]), but was decreased in females at 20 h post-competition (SMD: -0.8 [-1.4, -0.2]). In conclusion, cross-country sprint skiing induced symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage peaking 8-44 h post-competition. However, neither COMP nor NMES promoted physiological or perceptual recovery compared with CON.
本研究旨在探究市售中压型压缩服（COMP）与单纯主动恢复的对照组（CON）相比，在促进越野短道速滑比赛后恢复方面是否具有优势，其中压缩服会施加中压并（或）采用神经肌肉电刺激（NMES）。21 名瑞典国家青年（6 男 5 女）和 11 名瑞典国家成年（12 男 9 女）速滑运动员参加了一项室外短道速滑比赛，比赛包含 4 次持续约 3-4 分钟的冲刺。在比赛前，根据性别和运动水平（青年组和成年组）将运动员进行匹配，随后采用随机分组的方式将运动员分为 COMP 组（n = 11）、NMES 组（n = 11）或 CON 组（n = 10）。在比赛前、比赛后 8、20、44 和 68 小时，运动员们分别接受了肌酸激酶（CK）、尿素、反跳式垂直跳高（CMJ）高度和肌肉酸痛感知的测量。与 CON 组相比，COMP 或 NMES 均未促进比赛后血液生物标志物、CMJ 或肌肉酸痛的恢复（所有 P > .05）。当对所有 32 名参与者进行分组时，尿素和肌肉酸痛感知从基线开始增加，在比赛后 8 小时（标准化均数差（SMD），[95%置信区间（CI）]：2.8 [2.3, 3.2]）和 44 小时（优势比[95%CI]：3.3 [2.1, 5.1]）达到峰值。此外，男性和女性在比赛后 44 和 68 小时的 CMJ 都低于基线值（P < .05）。CK 在男性中从基线开始增加，在 44 小时时达到峰值（SMD：1.4 [-0.4, 0.9]），但在女性中在比赛后 20 小时时降低（SMD：-0.8 [-1.4, -0.2]）。总之，越野短道速滑比赛会引起运动诱导的肌肉损伤症状，在比赛后 8-44 小时达到峰值。然而，与 CON 组相比，COMP 或 NMES 并未促进生理或感知恢复。
