Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli Street, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
Department of Epidemiology, Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indiana University, 1050 Wishard Boulevard, RG5118, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 1;10(1):16344. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-73507-0.
Dyslipidemia is one of major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The early detection and treatment of dyslipidemia can reduce cardiovascular disease risk. A cross-sectional study was carried out in Ningxia, China to determine the prevalence of dyslipidemia and its association with body mass index (BMI) and pubertal stage. A total of 1783 students were selected from middle schools and high schools in September 2014 using stratified random cluster sampling. Serum triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured by using MOL-300 automatic biochemical analyzer with associated kits. The prevalence of adolescents with one abnormal serum lipid component was 43.2% and was significantly different across three pubertal stages (p < 0.0001). The abnormal rates of HDL-C and TG increased as the students maturated through the early, middle, and late stages of puberty (all p < 0.0001). Similar results were obtained when separate analyses were performed for boys and girls. In linear regression analysis, BMI was positively associated with serum levels of TC, LDL-C, and TG, but inversely associated with serum levels of HDL-C after the adjustment for age, sex, and race. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, obesity was associated with an increased risk of developing high TC, while pubertal maturation was associated with an elevated risk of experiencing low HDL-C and high TG (all p < 0.05). In conclusions, dyslipidemia is common in an adolescent population of Northwest China and its prevalence rates substantially vary with weight status and pubertal stage.
血脂异常是心血管疾病的主要危险因素之一。早期发现和治疗血脂异常可以降低心血管疾病的风险。本研究在中国宁夏进行了一项横断面研究，旨在确定血脂异常的患病率及其与体重指数（BMI）和青春期阶段的关系。2014 年 9 月，采用分层随机整群抽样的方法，从中学和高中抽取了 1783 名学生。采用 MOL-300 自动生化分析仪及其配套试剂盒检测血清甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）。有一个异常血清脂质成分的青少年患病率为 43.2%，且在三个青春期阶段之间存在显著差异（p<0.0001）。随着学生从青春期的早期、中期到晚期成熟，HDL-C 和 TG 的异常率逐渐升高（均 p<0.0001）。对男生和女生分别进行分析时也得到了类似的结果。线性回归分析显示，在调整年龄、性别和种族后，BMI 与血清 TC、LDL-C 和 TG 水平呈正相关，与血清 HDL-C 水平呈负相关。多元逻辑回归分析显示，肥胖与 TC 升高的风险增加有关，而青春期成熟与 HDL-C 降低和 TG 升高的风险增加有关（均 p<0.05）。总之，血脂异常在西北青少年人群中较为常见，其患病率与体重状况和青春期阶段有很大差异。
