The Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC, USA.
The Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Washington, DC, USA.
Curr Environ Health Rep. 2020 Dec;7(4):392-403. doi: 10.1007/s40572-020-00292-3. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
The purpose of this review is to describe the combined impacts of the nutrition transition and climate change in Nigeria and analyze the country's national food-related policy options that could support human and planetary health outcomes.
This paper uses a food systems framework to analyze how the nutrition transition and climate change interact in Nigeria affecting both diets and the double burden of malnutrition, resulting in what has been termed the syndemic. Interactions between climate change and the nutrition transition in Nigeria are exacerbating diet-related inequities and will continue to do so if food systems continue on their current trajectory and without significant transformation. Siloed policy actions that attempt to mitigate one aspect of food system risk can create a negative feedback loop in another aspect of the food system. Our analysis finds that Nigeria has five national policies that include actionable steps to address food system insufficiencies; however, each of these policies is constrained by the boundaries of singular nutrition, climate change, and agricultural objectives. The country should consider a coherent policy environment that explicitly identifies and links underlying systemic and institutional drivers between climate change and malnutrition that simultaneously and comprehensively address both human and planetary health outcomes of food systems. The systemic and institutional outcomes of this emerging syndemic-undernutrition, obesity, and climate change-are inexorably linked. Nigeria lacks a coherent policy environment taking on this challenging syndemic landscape. The analysis in this paper highlights the need for Nigeria to prioritize their national nutrition and agricultural and climate policies that uncouple feedback loops within food systems to address climate change and malnutrition in all its forms.
目的综述：本文旨在描述尼日利亚营养转型和气候变化的综合影响，并分析该国支持人类和地球健康的与食品相关的政策选择。
最新发现：本文利用食物系统框架分析了尼日利亚营养转型和气候变化之间的相互作用如何影响饮食和双重营养负担，导致所谓的综合征。尼日利亚气候变化与营养转型之间的相互作用加剧了与饮食相关的不平等，并且如果食物系统继续沿着当前的轨迹发展而没有重大转型，这种情况将继续恶化。试图减轻食物系统风险某一方面的孤立政策行动可能会在食物系统的另一个方面产生负面反馈循环。我们的分析发现，尼日利亚有五项国家政策包含了应对食物系统不足的可操作步骤；然而，这些政策中的每一项都受到单一营养、气候变化和农业目标界限的限制。该国应考虑建立一个明确的政策环境，明确识别和联系气候变化和营养不良之间的系统和制度驱动因素，同时全面解决食物系统的人类和地球健康结果。这一新兴综合征——营养不足、肥胖和气候变化——的系统和制度结果是不可避免地联系在一起的。尼日利亚缺乏应对这一具有挑战性的综合征的连贯政策环境。本文的分析强调了尼日利亚需要优先考虑其国家营养、农业和气候政策，以消除食物系统中的反馈循环，从而解决各种形式的气候变化和营养不良问题。
