Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Pb 4956 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway.
Nutrients. 2020 Sep 30;12(10):3014. doi: 10.3390/nu12103014.
The global burden of atherothrombotic heart disease should be considered as a life-style disorder where differences in dietary habits and related risk factors like limited physical activity and adiposity together play important roles. Related metabolic changes have been scientifically elucidated in recent decades, and the role of the very-long-chain marine fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have been much focused on, especially their possible effects on processes like inflammation and thrombosis. In the present brief review of related metabolic mechanisms, the effects of these fatty acids in a clinical setting have been referred to, including some of the authors' work on this topic. The main focus is the divergent results in the field and the important differences between the study population, the type of supplements and fresh marine sources, the proportion of EPA versus DHA dosages, and the duration of supplementation in clinical trials. We conclude that daily intake of at least 1 g of EPA + DHA may improve a dysmetabolic state in the population. The potential to reduce the risk and progression of atherothrombotic heart disease is still a matter of debate.
动脉血栓栓塞性心脏病的全球负担应被视为一种生活方式障碍，其中饮食习惯的差异和相关的风险因素（如体力活动受限和肥胖）共同起着重要作用。相关的代谢变化在最近几十年得到了科学阐明，长链海洋脂肪酸二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的作用备受关注，尤其是它们对炎症和血栓形成等过程的可能影响。在对相关代谢机制的简要回顾中，提到了这些脂肪酸在临床环境中的作用，包括作者在这一主题上的部分工作。主要焦点是该领域存在的分歧结果，以及研究人群、补充剂和新鲜海洋来源的类型、EPA 与 DHA 剂量比例以及临床试验中补充剂持续时间之间的重要差异。我们得出结论，每天至少摄入 1 克 EPA+DHA 可能改善人群的代谢紊乱状态。降低动脉血栓栓塞性心脏病风险和进展的潜力仍存在争议。
