Guignard-Perret Anne, Thieux Marine, Guyon Aurore, Mazza Stephanie, Zhang Min, Revol Olivier, Plancoulaine Sabine, Franco Patricia
Pediatric Sleep Unit, Department of Pediatric Clinical Epileptology, Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology, Hôpital-Femme-Mère-Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 boulevard Pinel, 69500 Lyon, France.
INSERM U1028-CNRS UMR5292, Neuroscience Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier-Bâtiment 462 Neurocampus, 95 boulevard Pinel, University Lyon, 69675 Bron CEDEX, France.
J Clin Med. 2020 Sep 30;9(10):3182. doi: 10.3390/jcm9103182.
The involvement of sleep in cognitive functioning is well known, but only a few studies have examined objective sleep parameters in children with high intellectual potential (HP). The main objective of this study was to compare sleep characteristics of 33 children with high intellectual potentialities (HP) (median 10 years old, 64% of boys) compared to 25 controls (median 11 years old, 64% of boys) and assess the difference between children with a homogeneous vs. a heterogeneous intelligence quotient (IQ) (i.e., a difference ≥15 points between verbal and non-verbal IQ). All children underwent a one-night polysomnography, an evaluation of intellectual quotient (IQ) and filled standardized questionnaires. Using non-parametric tests to compare groups' characteristics, we found that children with HP had more heterogeneous IQ, more rapid eyes movement (REM) sleep and tended to have less stage 1 sleep than controls. They also had more insomnia and sleep complaints. The high amount of REM sleep in children with HP could be advantageous for learning and could partially explain their gift. This study highlights the necessity of investigating sleep disorders in children with HP during clinical routine and reinforces the hypothesis of the involvement of nocturnal sleep, and especially REM sleep, in daytime cognition and behavior.
睡眠与认知功能之间的关联已广为人知，但仅有少数研究对高智力潜能（HP）儿童的客观睡眠参数进行过考察。本研究的主要目的是比较33名高智力潜能儿童（HP）（年龄中位数为10岁，64%为男孩）与25名对照儿童（年龄中位数为11岁，64%为男孩）的睡眠特征，并评估智商（IQ）同质与异质儿童（即言语智商与非言语智商相差≥15分）之间的差异。所有儿童均接受了一晚的多导睡眠监测、智商评估并填写了标准化问卷。通过非参数检验比较各组特征，我们发现HP儿童的智商更为异质，快速眼动（REM）睡眠更多，且与对照组相比，1期睡眠往往更少。他们还存在更多的失眠和睡眠问题。HP儿童大量的REM睡眠可能对学习有利，并且可以部分解释他们的天赋。本研究强调了在临床常规中调查HP儿童睡眠障碍的必要性，并强化了夜间睡眠尤其是REM睡眠参与日间认知和行为的假说。
