Kirov Roumen, Brand Serge, Banaschewski Tobias, Rothenberger Aribert
Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia, Bulgaria.
Center for Affective, Stress, and Sleep Disorders, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel Basel, Switzerland.
Front Psychol. 2017 Jan 9;7:2059. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.02059. eCollection 2016.
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep has been shown to be related to many adaptive cognitive and behavioral functions. However, its precise functions are still elusive, particularly in developmental psychiatric disorders. The present study aims at investigating associations between polysomnographic (PSG) REM sleep measurements and neurobehavioral functions in children with common developmental psychiatric conditions compared to typically developing children (TDC). Twenty-four children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 21 with Tourette syndrome/tic disorder (TD), 21 with ADHD/TD comorbidity, and 22 TDC, matched for age and gender, underwent a two-night PSG, and their psychopathological scores and intelligence quotient (IQ) were assessed. Major PSG findings showed more REM sleep and shorter REM latency in the children with psychiatric disorders than in the TDC. Multiple regression analyses revealed that in groups with developmental psychopathology, REM sleep proportion correlated positively with scores of inattention and negatively with performance IQ. In contrast, in the group of TDC, REM sleep proportion correlated negatively with scores of inattention and positively with performance IQ. Whilst shorter REM latency was associated with greater inattention scores in children with psychopathology, no such an association existed in the group of TDC. Altogether, these results indicate an opposite impact of REM sleep on neurobehavioral functioning, related to presence or absence of developmental psychiatric disorders. Our findings suggest that during development, REM sleep functions may interact dissimilarly with different pathways of brain maturation.
快速眼动（REM）睡眠已被证明与许多适应性认知和行为功能有关。然而，其确切功能仍然难以捉摸，尤其是在发育性精神疾病中。本研究旨在调查患有常见发育性精神疾病的儿童与正常发育儿童（TDC）相比，多导睡眠图（PSG）中REM睡眠测量值与神经行为功能之间的关联。24名患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童、21名患有抽动秽语综合征/抽动障碍（TD）的儿童、21名患有ADHD/TD共病的儿童以及22名年龄和性别匹配的TDC儿童接受了为期两晚的PSG检查，并评估了他们的精神病理学评分和智商（IQ）。PSG的主要研究结果显示，患有精神疾病的儿童比TDC儿童有更多的REM睡眠和更短的REM潜伏期。多元回归分析显示，在患有发育性精神病理学的组中，REM睡眠比例与注意力不集中得分呈正相关，与操作智商呈负相关。相比之下，在TDC组中，REM睡眠比例与注意力不集中得分呈负相关，与操作智商呈正相关。虽然较短的REM潜伏期与患有精神病理学的儿童更高的注意力不集中得分相关，但在TDC组中不存在这种关联。总之，这些结果表明REM睡眠对神经行为功能的影响相反，这与发育性精神疾病的存在与否有关。我们的研究结果表明，在发育过程中，REM睡眠功能可能与大脑成熟的不同途径以不同方式相互作用。
