Ortiz Alberto, Carrillo Natalia, Elghannam Ahmed, Escribano Miguel, Gaspar Paula
Meat Quality Area, Center for Scientific and Technological Research of Extremadura (CICYTEX-La Orden), Junta de Extremadura, 06187 Guadajira, Badajoz, Spain.
Department of Animal Production and Food Science, School of Agricultural Engineering, University of Extremadura, Avda. Adolfo Suarez, s/n, 06007 Badajoz, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Sep 30;10(10):1772. doi: 10.3390/ani10101772.
Since 2014, the Quality Standard for Iberian meat, leg ham, shoulder ham and dry-cured loin has regulated production factors and processes involved in the raw material and manufactured products from Iberian pigs, the most important pig breed in both population size and economic importance of the southwest Iberian Peninsula. Regarding the changes to the Quality Standard that industrial entrepreneurs and farmers are currently demanding, a qualitative research study has been developed through 14 in-depth interviews with the purpose of understanding the perception of Iberian pig farmers and industrial entrepreneurs of the requirements of the currently-effective Quality Standard, as well as the conditions under which this is being applied. The results showed a consensus amongst the majority of the participants in aspects such as the maintenance of the breed base as 100% Iberian for reproductive females, weight and age requirements at the time of slaughter for the montanera category and the manufacturing lengths for dry-cured products. On the other hand, there were discrepancies between the requirements defined by the Quality Standard and those requested by the respondents for the non-free-range fodder-fed and free-range fodder-fed categories, with the industrial entrepreneurs and farmers being inclined towards the reduction in the age of slaughter of the former and the distinction in the production conditions of the latter.
自2014年以来，伊比利亚肉类、后腿火腿、肩火腿和干腌里脊的质量标准对伊比利亚猪的原材料及制成品所涉及的生产要素和流程进行了规范，伊比利亚猪是伊比利亚半岛西南部数量和经济重要性方面最重要的猪种。针对目前工业企业家和养殖户对质量标准提出的修改要求，开展了一项定性研究，通过14次深度访谈，旨在了解伊比利亚猪养殖户和工业企业家对现行有效质量标准要求的看法，以及该标准的适用条件。结果显示，大多数参与者在以下方面达成了共识，例如繁殖母猪的品种基础保持100%伊比利亚猪、山地型猪屠宰时的体重和年龄要求以及干腌产品的加工时长。另一方面，质量标准所定义的要求与受访者对非自由放养饲料喂养型和自由放养饲料喂养型猪的要求存在差异，工业企业家和养殖户倾向于降低前者的屠宰年龄，并区分后者的生产条件。
