Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy; Unit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Italy.
Clin Radiol. 2021 Feb;76(2):156.e9-156.e18. doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2020.08.028. Epub 2020 Sep 30.
To review contrast medium administration protocols used for cardiothoracic applications of time-resolved, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) sequences.
A systematic search of the literature (Medline/EMBASE) was performed to identify articles utilising time-resolved MRA sequences, focusing on type of sequence, adopted technical parameters, contrast agent (CA) issues, and acquisition workflow. Study design, year of publication, population, magnetic field strength, type, dose, and injection parameters of CA, as well as technical parameters of time-resolved MRA sequences were extracted.
Of 117 retrieved articles, 16 matched the inclusion criteria. The study design was prospective in 9/16 (56%) articles, and study population ranged from 5 to 185 patients, for a total of 506 patients who underwent cardiothoracic time-resolved MRA. Magnetic field strength was 1.5 T in 13/16 (81%), and 3 T in 3/16 (19%) articles. The administered CA was gadobutrol (Gadovist) in 6/16 (37%) articles, gadopentetate dimeglumine (Magnevist) in 5/16 (31%), gadobenate dimeglumine (MultiHance) in 2/16 (13%), gadodiamide (Omniscan) in 2/16 (13%), gadofosveset trisodium (Ablavar, previously Vasovist) in 1/16 (6%). CA showed highly variable doses among studies: fixed amount or based on patient body weight (0.02-0.2 mmol/kg) and was injected with a flow rate ranging 1-5 ml/s. Sequences were TWIST in 13/16 (81%), TRICKS in 2/16 (13%), and CENTRA 1/16 articles (6%).
Time-resolved MRA sequences were adopted in different clinical settings with a large spectrum of technical approaches, mostly in association with different CA dose, type, and injection method. Further studies in relation to specific clinical indications are warranted to provide a common standardised acquisition protocol.
回顾用于心胸应用的时间分辨对比增强磁共振血管造影（MRA）序列的对比剂给药方案。
对文献（Medline/EMBASE）进行系统检索，以确定使用时间分辨 MRA 序列的文章，重点关注序列类型、采用的技术参数、对比剂（CA）问题以及采集工作流程。提取研究设计、出版年份、人群、磁场强度、CA 类型、剂量和注射参数，以及时间分辨 MRA 序列的技术参数。
在检索到的 117 篇文章中，有 16 篇符合纳入标准。16 篇文章中有 9 篇（56%）为前瞻性研究设计，研究人群范围为 5 至 185 例患者，共 506 例患者接受了心胸时间分辨 MRA。磁场强度为 1.5 T 的有 13 篇（81%），3 T 的有 3 篇（19%）。使用的 CA 为钆布醇（Gadovist）的有 6 篇（37%），钆喷酸葡胺（Magnevist）的有 5 篇（31%），钆贝葡胺（MultiHance）的有 2 篇（13%），钆喷酸二甲胺（Omniscan）的有 2 篇（13%），钆佛醇三钠盐（Ablavar，前身为 Vasovist）的有 1 篇（6%）。研究中 CA 的剂量差异很大：固定剂量或基于患者体重（0.02-0.2mmol/kg），注射速度为 1-5ml/s。采用的序列为 TWIST 的有 13 篇（81%），TRICKS 的有 2 篇（13%），CENTRA 的有 1 篇（6%）。
时间分辨 MRA 序列在不同的临床环境中得到采用，具有广泛的技术方法，主要与不同的 CA 剂量、类型和注射方法相关。需要进一步针对特定的临床适应证进行研究，以提供一个通用的标准化采集方案。
