Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia.
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia; School of Exercise and Nutrition Science, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia.
Semin Oncol Nurs. 2020 Oct;36(5):151075. doi: 10.1016/j.soncn.2020.151075. Epub 2020 Sep 30.
This report describes why there is a need for cancer-specific physical activity and exercise prescription guidelines, how the recommendations in the guidelines were derived, and how these guidelines can be used and by whom, to reduce cancer-related burden.
Professional organizations and peer-reviewed papers.
Higher physical activity levels post-cancer diagnosis has been consistently associated with improved morbidity and/or survival outcomes for all cancers studied to date. As such, although physical activity recommendations for those post-cancer are largely generic and tend to replicate physical activity guidelines endorsed for healthy adults, the cancer-specific epidemiological evidence-base suggest this to be appropriate. These guidelines should be endorsed and promoted by all members of the cancer care team, across all phases of cancer survivorship. Cancer-specific exercise prescription guidelines are supported by a clinical trial evidence-base and enable targeted exercise prescription for the benefit of the individual patient. Any member of the cancer care team can refer patients at any time to exercise professionals, who will use these exercise guidelines to direct their provision of exercise as medicine.
The prevention of physical activity declines and small increases in physical activity levels during and following cancer treatment is appropriate for the majority. Further, physical activity promotion, alongside incorporation of planned, purposeful, targeted and individualized exercise, has significant potential for reducing morbidity and mortality of cancer worldwide.
Nurses are well-placed to regularly encourage patients to participate in physical activity, and to refer patients to exercise professionals, during and following their cancer treatment.
本报告阐述了制定癌症特异性体力活动和运动处方指南的必要性、指南推荐意见的推导过程，以及如何使用和由谁使用这些指南来减轻癌症相关负担。
专业组织和同行评议论文。
迄今为止，所有研究的癌症中，癌症诊断后体力活动水平较高与改善发病率和/或生存结果始终相关。因此，尽管针对癌症患者的体力活动建议在很大程度上是通用的，并且倾向于复制针对健康成年人的体力活动指南，但癌症特异性的流行病学证据基础表明这是合适的。这些指南应由癌症护理团队的所有成员在癌症生存的所有阶段共同认可和推广。癌症特异性运动处方指南有临床试验证据支持，可以针对个体患者的利益进行有针对性的运动处方。癌症护理团队的任何成员都可以随时将患者转介给运动专业人员，运动专业人员将使用这些运动指南来指导他们提供运动作为医学治疗。
在癌症治疗期间和之后，预防体力活动下降和适度增加体力活动水平适合大多数患者。此外，促进体力活动以及结合有计划、有目的、有针对性和个体化的运动，具有显著降低全球癌症发病率和死亡率的潜力。
护士有充分的条件定期鼓励患者参加体力活动，并在癌症治疗期间和之后将患者转介给运动专业人员。
