Williams Lela Rankin, Gebler-Wolfe Molly, Grisham Lisa M, Bader M Y
School of Social Work Tucson, Arizona State University, Tucson (Dr Williams and Ms Gebler-Wolfe); Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Banner University Medical Center Tucson, Tucson, Arizona (Ms Grisham and Dr Bader); and Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson (Dr Bader).
Adv Neonatal Care. 2020 Dec;20(6):440-449. doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000788.
The US opioid epidemic has resulted in an increase of infants at risk for developing neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Traditionally, treatment has consisted of pharmacological interventions to reduce symptoms of withdrawal. However, nonpharmacological interventions (eg, skin-to-skin contact, holding) can also be effective in managing the distress associated with NAS.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether infant carrying or "babywearing" (ie, holding an infant on one's body using cloth) can reduce distress associated with NAS among infants and caregivers.
Heart rate was measured in infants and adults (parents vs other adults) in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) pre- (no touching), mid- (20 minutes into being worn in a carrier), and post-babywearing (5 minutes later).
Using a 3-level hierarchical linear model at 3 time points (pre, mid, and post), we found that babywearing decreased infant and caregiver heart rates. Across a 30-minute period, heart rates of infants worn by parents decreased by 15 beats per minute (bpm) compared with 5.5 bpm for infants worn by an unfamiliar adult, and those of adults decreased by 7 bpm (parents) and nearly 3 bpm (unfamiliar adult).
Results from this study suggest that babywearing is a noninvasive and accessible intervention that can provide comfort for infants diagnosed with NAS. Babywearing can be inexpensive, support parenting, and be done by nonparent caregivers (eg, nurses, volunteers).
Close physical contact, by way of babywearing, may improve outcomes in infants with NAS in NICUs and possibly reduce the need for pharmacological treatment.See the video abstract for a digital summary of the study. VIDEO ABSTRACT AVAILABLE AT:.
美国的阿片类药物泛滥导致患新生儿戒断综合征（NAS）风险增加的婴儿数量增多。传统上，治疗方法包括药物干预以减轻戒断症状。然而，非药物干预（如肌肤接触、怀抱）在处理与NAS相关的痛苦方面也可能有效。
本研究的目的是检验婴儿背带或“背娃”（即使用布将婴儿抱在身上）是否能减轻婴儿和照料者与NAS相关的痛苦。
在新生儿重症监护病房（NICU）对婴儿和成人（父母与其他成人）进行心率测量，测量时间点分别为背娃前（无接触）、背娃中（在背带中佩戴20分钟后）和背娃后（5分钟后）。
在三个时间点（前、中、后）使用三级分层线性模型，我们发现背娃降低了婴儿和照料者的心率。在30分钟内，父母怀抱的婴儿心率每分钟下降15次（bpm），相比之下，由不熟悉的成人怀抱的婴儿心率每分钟下降5.5次，成人的心率下降情况为父母下降7次（bpm），不熟悉的成人下降近3次（bpm）。
本研究结果表明，背娃是一种无创且易于实施的干预措施，可为被诊断患有NAS的婴儿提供舒适感。背娃成本低廉，有助于育儿，且非父母照料者（如护士、志愿者）也可进行。
通过背娃进行的亲密身体接触可能改善NICU中患有NAS的婴儿的预后，并可能减少药物治疗的需求。观看视频摘要可获取该研究的数字总结。视频摘要可在：获取。
