From the Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France (Faivre, Pereira); the Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne, Paris, France (Faivre, de Gardelle, Vergnaud); the Université Paris-Saclay, Université Versailles Saint-Quentin-En-Yvelines, INSERM UMR1018, Centre de recherche en Épidémiologie et Santé des Populations, Equipe DevPsy, Villejuif, France (Roger, Passerieux, Roux); the Centre Hospitalier de Versailles, Service Hospitalo-Universitaire de psychiatrie d'adultes et d'addictologie, Le Chesnay, France (Roger, Passerieux, Roux); and the Fondation Fondamental, Créteil, France (Passerieux, Roux).
J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2021 Jan 4;46(1):E65-E73. doi: 10.1503/jpn.200022.
Metacognition is the set of reflexive processes that allows humans to evaluate the accuracy of their mental operations. Metacognitive deficits have been described in people with schizophrenia using mostly narrative assessment, and they have been linked to several key symptoms.
We assessed metacognitive performance objectively by asking people with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder ( = 20) and matched healthy participants ( = 21) to perform a visual discrimination task and report their confidence in their performance. Metacognitive performance was defined as the adequacy between visual discrimination performance and confidence.
Bayesian analyses revealed equivalent metacognitive performance in the 2 groups, despite a weaker association between confidence and trajectory tracking during task execution among people with schizophrenia. We reproduced these results using an evidence accumulation model, which showed similar decisional processes in the 2 groups.
These results from a relatively small study sample cannot be generalized to other perceptual and nonperceptual tasks. To meet this purpose, ecological tasks are needed. As well, the role of antipsychotic medication and design deserves greater attention in the future.
We found similar decisional and metacognitive capabilities between people with schizophrenia and healthy controls in a visual discrimination task.
元认知是一组反思过程，使人类能够评估其心理操作的准确性。使用主要的叙述性评估方法描述了精神分裂症患者的元认知缺陷，并且它们与几个关键症状有关。
我们通过要求精神分裂症或分裂情感障碍患者（n=20）和匹配的健康参与者（n=21）执行视觉辨别任务并报告他们对表现的信心，客观地评估了元认知表现。元认知表现被定义为视觉辨别表现和信心之间的适当性。
贝叶斯分析表明，尽管在执行任务过程中精神分裂症患者的信心与轨迹跟踪之间的相关性较弱，但两组的元认知表现相当。我们使用证据积累模型复制了这些结果，该模型显示了两组中相似的决策过程。
这些来自相对较小的研究样本的结果不能推广到其他感知和非感知任务。为了达到这个目的，需要生态任务。同样，抗精神病药物和设计的作用在未来值得更多关注。
我们在视觉辨别任务中发现精神分裂症患者和健康对照组之间存在相似的决策和元认知能力。
