Laboratory of Biophysics and Biosignals, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
Institute of Mountain Emergency Medicine, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy; Healthcare Research and Innovation Program, IRCS-HTA, Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy.
Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2021 Jan;159:146-156. doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2020.09.007. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a multifactorial disease, which often occurs in the presence of underlying cardiac abnormalities and is supported by electrophysiological and structural alterations, generally referred to as atrial remodeling. Abnormal substrates are commonly encountered in various conditions that predispose to AF, such as hypertension, heart failure, obesity, and sleep apnea, in which atrial stretch plays a key mechanistic role. Emerging evidence suggests a role for microRNAs (small non-coding RNAs) in the pathogenesis of AF, where they can act as post-transcriptional regulators of the genes involved in atrial remodeling. This review summarizes the experimental and clinical evidence that supports the role of microRNAs in the modulation of atrial electrical and structural remodeling with a focus on overload-induced atrial alterations, and discusses the potential contribution of microRNAs to mechano-electrical coupling and AF.
心房颤动（AF）是一种多因素疾病，常发生于存在潜在心脏异常的情况下，并伴有电生理和结构改变，通常称为心房重构。在易发生 AF 的各种情况下，如高血压、心力衰竭、肥胖和睡眠呼吸暂停等，异常底物很常见，其中心房拉伸起着关键的机械作用。新出现的证据表明 microRNAs（小非编码 RNA）在 AF 的发病机制中起作用，它们可以作为涉及心房重构的基因的转录后调节剂。这篇综述总结了支持 microRNAs 在调节电和结构重构中的作用的实验和临床证据，重点是负荷诱导的心房改变，并讨论了 microRNAs 对机电耦联和 AF 的潜在贡献。
