Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
Departamento de Entomologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil.
Int J Biometeorol. 2021 Feb;65(2):247-256. doi: 10.1007/s00484-020-02026-4. Epub 2020 Oct 3.
Ascia monuste orseis Godart (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) is a neotropical butterfly distributed in South America. During the larval stage, this insect causes economic losses on Brassica crops. Wet and warm conditions are known to increase subspecies occurrence, but it remains unclear why these conditions are more suitable. In this study, we have shown that both conditions are highly favourable for A. monuste orseis. We determined the thermal requirements for immature development and then created models for A. monuste orseis occurrence using Climex algorithm. Two models were built: one for the year-round presence and other for seasonal suitability. We validated the models using subspecies occurrence records and monitoring in two Brazilian regions (Northeast and Southeast). The minimum, optimum and maximum temperature for immature development were estimated at 16.37, 29.16 and 34.95 °C, respectively. The model for year-round presence indicated tropical areas as highly suitable for A. monuste orseis occurrence (with 88% of accuracy) and the seasonal models showed unsuitable areas in some parts of South America during cold and dry periods. Such predictions were observed in the monitored areas where A. monuste orseis was not found. These results can be associated with the mortality caused by low temperature to immature stages and drought conditions that may induce adult migration to moist habitats. Thus, we suggest that A. monuste orseis occurs mainly during wet and warm seasons on Brassica crops due to deleterious effects caused by cold and dry conditions. This information can be used to improve A. monuste orseis management in Brassica crops.
Monuste 鸟尾凤蝶（鳞翅目：凤蝶科）是一种分布于南美洲的热带蝴蝶。在幼虫阶段，这种昆虫会给十字花科作物造成经济损失。已知潮湿和温暖的条件会增加亚种的出现，但尚不清楚为什么这些条件更为适宜。在本研究中，我们表明这两种条件都非常有利于 Monuste 鸟尾凤蝶。我们确定了幼虫发育的热需求，然后使用 Climex 算法为 Monuste 鸟尾凤蝶的出现创建模型。构建了两个模型：一个用于全年存在，另一个用于季节性适宜性。我们使用亚种出现记录和在巴西两个地区（东北部和东南部）的监测来验证模型。幼虫发育的最适温度、最适温度和最高温度分别估计为 16.37、29.16 和 34.95°C。全年存在的模型表明，热带地区非常适合 Monuste 鸟尾凤蝶的出现（准确率为 88%），而季节性模型则显示在寒冷和干燥时期南美洲的部分地区不适宜。在监测到的地区观察到了这种情况，在那里没有发现 Monuste 鸟尾凤蝶。这些结果可能与低温对幼虫阶段造成的死亡率以及干旱条件导致成虫向潮湿栖息地迁移有关。因此，我们认为 Monuste 鸟尾凤蝶主要在潮湿和温暖的季节出现在十字花科作物上，因为寒冷和干燥的条件会造成有害影响。这些信息可用于改进十字花科作物上 Monuste 鸟尾凤蝶的管理。
