Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Medical Sciences, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Vet J. 2020 Oct;264:105546. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2020.105546. Epub 2020 Sep 12.
Clinical disease from otitis media in calves is a significant problem in the dairy industry and evaluation of disease severity, chronicity, and imaging remains a challenge. Our objectives were to compare imaging findings in calves with an early diagnosis of respiratory disease to calves with treatment failure. This was a prospective study of 30 Jersey heifer calves, 26-95 days of age, with elevated clinical respiratory scores. Ten clinically healthy calves served as controls for clinical scoring. Three groups of calves were selected based on elevated scores using the McGuirk respiratory scoring system and treatment history. Group A included new cases, group B included primary treatment failures, and group C included multiple treatment failures. Calves underwent a skull CT, four view radiography, post-mortem photography of the tympanic bulla and bacteriological diagnostics. Imaging and post-mortem results were evaluated using normalized scoring schemes. Computed tomography imaging of the tympanic bulla differentiated calves early in the course of disease (group A) from calves that had not responded to treatment (groups B and C). Radiographs differentiated only group C from groups A and B. Use of a 35 degree angle dorsal-right or dorsal-left ventral oblique projection for radiography allowed effective evaluation of the tympanic bulla. Clinical respiratory scores were similar among all three groups. Computed tomography imaging can differentiate early from advanced otitis media. Radiographs, which can be performed in the field, also have utility to identify advanced otitis media to aid management decisions.
牛传染性中耳炎导致的临床疾病是奶牛养殖业的一个严重问题，而评估疾病的严重程度、慢性程度和影像学表现仍然是一个挑战。我们的目的是比较早期诊断的呼吸疾病牛和治疗失败的牛的影像学表现。这是一项对 30 头泽西小母牛的前瞻性研究，年龄在 26-95 天，临床呼吸评分升高。10 头临床健康的小母牛作为临床评分的对照。根据 McGuirk 呼吸评分系统和治疗史，使用升高的评分选择了三组小牛。A 组包括新发病例，B 组包括初次治疗失败病例，C 组包括多次治疗失败病例。小牛接受了颅骨 CT、四视图放射摄影、鼓室摄影和细菌学诊断。使用标准化评分方案评估了成像和尸检结果。鼓室 CT 成像可区分疾病早期（A 组）的小牛和未对治疗产生反应的小牛（B 组和 C 组）。X 射线仅能区分 C 组与 A 组和 B 组。使用 35 度角的背右侧或背左侧腹侧斜位 X 射线摄影可有效评估鼓室。三组的临床呼吸评分相似。CT 成像可区分早期和晚期中耳炎。X 射线摄影也可以在现场进行，有助于识别晚期中耳炎，以辅助管理决策。
