Centre Vétérinaire Laval, Laval, Quebec (Decôme); Department of Small Animal Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Cuq); Complexe de diagnostic et d'épidémiosurveillance vétérinaires du Québec, Bacteriology Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec (Fairbrother); Referral Center in Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging and Neurology, AZURVET, Cagnes-sur-Mer, France (Gatel); Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec (Conversy).
Can J Vet Res. 2020 Oct;84(4):252-258.
The objectives of this study were to describe the antimicrobial susceptibility and clinical significance of in canine bacteriuria and to identify the risk factors associated with urinary tract infections. This is a retrospective observational study of 48 -positive canine urinary cultures. Only 22 of the 48 isolates (45.8%) were non-susceptible to at least one tested antimicrobial. Most isolates (98%) were susceptible to enrofloxacin, 93.7% to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and 85.4% to ampicillin, cephalothin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Five multidrug-resistant isolates were detected (10.4%). A significant increase in antimicrobial resistance was observed over the study period. Positive cultures were associated with bacterial cystitis in 36 of 39 dogs (92.3%), pyelonephritis in 2 of 39 dogs (5.1%), and one dog had both bacterial cystitis and pyelonephritis (2.5%). There was no subclinical bacteriuria. Most urinary tract infections were complicated as risk factors were identified in 37 of 39 dogs (94.8%). The most commonly identified risk factors were the presence of a contaminated peri-vulvar area with urine/feces or a hypoplastic vulva. To conclude, bacteriuria was associated with upper and lower urinary tract infections in this study and was found more frequently in complicated bacterial cystitis. Multidrug-resistant isolates and increased antimicrobial resistance have been identified over the last 10 years, but most isolates remain susceptible to first-line antimicrobials such as amoxicillin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
本研究的目的是描述犬菌尿症中 的抗菌药物敏感性和临床意义，并确定与尿路感染相关的危险因素。这是一项对 48 株阳性犬尿培养物的回顾性观察研究。在 48 株分离株中，只有 22 株（45.8%）对至少一种测试的抗菌药物不敏感。大多数分离株（98%）对恩诺沙星敏感，93.7%对阿莫西林/克拉维酸敏感，85.4%对氨苄西林、头孢噻吩和复方磺胺甲噁唑敏感。检测到 5 株多药耐药分离株（10.4%）。在研究期间观察到抗菌药物耐药性显著增加。39 只狗中有 36 只（92.3%）阳性 培养物与细菌性膀胱炎相关，39 只狗中有 2 只（5.1%）与肾盂肾炎相关，1 只狗同时患有细菌性膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎（2.5%）。没有亚临床菌尿症。由于在 37 只狗（94.8%）中确定了危险因素，因此大多数尿路感染较为复杂。最常见的危险因素是外阴区域被尿液/粪便污染或外阴发育不全。总之，在本研究中，菌尿症与上尿路和下尿路感染有关，并且在复杂的细菌性膀胱炎中更为常见。在过去 10 年中，已经发现了多药耐药分离株和 的抗菌药物耐药性增加，但大多数分离株对阿莫西林和复方磺胺甲噁唑等一线抗菌药物仍保持敏感。
