Vagni Monia, Maiorano Tiziana, Giostra Valeria, Pajardi Daniela
Department of Humanities, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2020 Sep 3;11:566912. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.566912. eCollection 2020.
Coping with the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a significant risk factor for the psychological distress of health workers. Hence, this study explores the relationship between coping strategies used by healthcare and emergency workers in Italy to manage the stress factors related to the COVID-19 emergency, which may result in the risk of developing secondary trauma. We study differences between healthcare ( = 121) and emergency workers ( = 89) in terms of their coping strategies, emergency stress, and secondary trauma, as well as the relationships of these differences to demographic variables and other stress factors (Instructions and Equipment). For this purpose, we collected data from participants through the following questionnaires online: , , an original questionnaire on stressors, and the (to assess organizational-relational, physical, decisional inefficacy, emotional, cognitive, and COVID-19 stress). We performed a -test, correlational analysis, and hierarchical regression. The analyses reveal that compared with the emergency worker group, the health worker group has greater levels of emergency stress and arousal and is more willing to use problem-focused coping. Healthcare workers involved in the treatment of COVID-19 are exposed to a large degree of stress and could experience secondary trauma; hence, it is essential to plan prevention strategies for future pandemic situations. Moreover, individual efficacy in stopping negative emotions and thoughts could be a protective strategy against stress and secondary trauma.
应对冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是医护人员心理困扰的一个重要风险因素。因此，本研究探讨了意大利医护人员和急救人员在应对与COVID-19疫情相关的压力因素时所采用的应对策略之间的关系，这些压力因素可能导致继发性创伤的风险。我们研究了医护人员（n = 121）和急救人员（n = 89）在应对策略、紧急应激和继发性创伤方面的差异，以及这些差异与人口统计学变量和其他压力因素（指示和设备）之间的关系。为此，我们通过以下在线问卷从参与者那里收集数据：[具体问卷名称未给出]、[具体问卷名称未给出]、一份关于压力源的原始问卷，以及[具体问卷名称未给出]（用于评估组织关系、身体、决策无效、情绪、认知和COVID-19压力）。我们进行了t检验、相关分析和层次回归分析。分析结果显示，与急救人员组相比，医护人员组的紧急应激和唤醒水平更高，并且更愿意采用以问题为中心的应对方式。参与COVID-19治疗的医护人员面临着很大程度的压力，可能会经历继发性创伤；因此，为未来的大流行情况制定预防策略至关重要。此外，个人在阻止负面情绪和想法方面的效能可能是抵御压力和继发性创伤的一种保护策略。
