Li Shanshan, Zhang Yan, Zhao Junri, Sarwar Golam, Zhou Shengqian, Chen Ying, Yang Guipeng, Saiz-Lopez Alfonso
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China.
Big Data Institute for Carbon Emission and Environmental Pollution, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
Atmosphere (Basel). 2020 Aug 11;11(8):1-849. doi: 10.3390/atmos11080849.
Marine biogenic dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is an important natural source of sulfur in the atmosphere, which may play an important role in air quality. In this study, the WRF-CMAQ model is employed to assess the impact of DMS on the atmospheric environment at the regional scale of eastern coastal China and urban scale of Shanghai in 2017. A national scale database of DMS concentration in seawater is established based on the historical DMS measurements in the Yellow Sea, the Bohai Sea and the East China Sea in different seasons during 20092017. Results indicate that the sea-to-air emission flux of DMS varies greatly in different seasons, with the highest in summer, followed by spring and autumn, and the lowest in winter. The annual DMS emissions from the Yellow Sea, the Bohai Sea and the East China Sea are 0.008, 0.059, and 0.15 Tg S a, respectively. At the regional scale, DMS emissions increase atmospheric sulfur dioxide (SO) and sulfate concentrations over the East China seas by a maximum of 8% in summer and a minimum of 2% in winter, respectively. At the urban scale, the addition of DMS emissions increase the SO and levels by 2% and 5%, respectively, and reduce ozone (O) in the air of Shanghai by 1.5%2.5%. DMS emissions increase fine-mode ammonium particle concentration distribution by 4% and 5%, and fine-mode nss- concentration distributions by 4% and 9% in the urban and marine air, respectively. Our results indicate that although anthropogenic sources are still the dominant contributor of atmospheric sulfur burden in China, biogenic DMS emissions source cannot be ignored.
海洋生物源二甲基硫（DMS）是大气中硫的重要天然来源，可能对空气质量起着重要作用。本研究采用WRF-CMAQ模型评估2017年DMS对中国东部沿海区域尺度和上海城市尺度大气环境的影响。基于2009 - 2017年不同季节在黄海、渤海和东海的DMS历史测量数据，建立了全国尺度的海水DMS浓度数据库。结果表明，DMS的海-气排放通量在不同季节变化很大，夏季最高，其次是春季和秋季，冬季最低。黄海、渤海和东海的年DMS排放量分别为0.008、0.059和0.15 Tg S a。在区域尺度上，DMS排放分别使夏季中国东部海域的大气二氧化硫（SO）和硫酸盐浓度最多增加8%，冬季最少增加2%。在城市尺度上，增加DMS排放分别使上海空气中的SO和 水平增加2%和5%，并使臭氧（O）减少1.5% - 2.5%。DMS排放分别使城市和海洋空气中细模态铵颗粒浓度分布增加4%和5%，细模态非海盐硫酸盐（nss- ）浓度分布增加4%和9%。我们的结果表明，虽然人为源仍然是中国大气硫负荷的主要贡献者，但生物源DMS排放源不容忽视。
