与呼吸道合胞病毒和流感相比，SARS-CoV-2 肺炎在幼儿中的致命性如何？
How lethal is SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia when compared with respiratory syncytial virus and influenza in young children?
机构信息
MBBS, BMedSc, FRACGP, DCH, Principal GP, Standish Street Surgery, Vic; Visiting Medical Officer, Alpine Health, Vic.
出版信息
Aust J Gen Pract. 2020 Oct;49(10):683-686. doi: 10.31128/AJGP-04-20-5357.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
SARS-CoV-2 is known to cause milder disease in children when compared with adults, but the extent of this is unclear. The aim of this article is to estimate the case fatality rate (CFR) for SARS-CoV-2 infection and SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in young children aged <5 years, and compare this with estimated CFRs for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza.
METHOD
This article reviews published case series of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the paediatric population and epidemiological data on COVID-19 published on official government websites internationally and in Australia.
RESULTS
The CFR of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in children aged <5 years is estimated to be 0.15-1.35%, which is lower than the estimated CFR of RSV pneumonia of 0.3-2.1%, but higher than the estimated CFR of influenza pneumonia of 0.14-0.45%.
DISCUSSION
SARS-CoV-2 infection is likely to be less lethal than RSV in children aged <5 years, but more lethal than influenza.
背景与目的
与成年人相比，SARS-CoV-2 导致儿童患病的症状较轻，但具体情况尚不清楚。本文旨在评估 5 岁以下儿童感染 SARS-CoV-2 及 SARS-CoV-2 肺炎的病死率（CFR），并与呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）和流感的估计 CFR 进行比较。
方法
本文回顾了已发表的 SARS-CoV-2 在儿科人群中的病例系列研究，以及国际和澳大利亚官方政府网站上发布的 COVID-19 流行病学数据。
结果
估计 5 岁以下儿童 SARS-CoV-2 肺炎的 CFR 为 0.15-1.35%，低于 RSV 肺炎的估计 CFR（0.3-2.1%），但高于流感肺炎的估计 CFR（0.14-0.45%）。
讨论
SARS-CoV-2 感染在 5 岁以下儿童中的致命性可能低于 RSV，但高于流感。
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