Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, PR China.
Biomater Sci. 2020 Nov 7;8(21):5846-5858. doi: 10.1039/d0bm01154a. Epub 2020 Oct 5.
With the development of phototherapy, which is a type of light-induced cancer treatment, various biomaterials have been well designed as photoabsorbing/sensitizing agents or effective carriers to enhance the therapeutic efficacy and evade the side effects of phototherapy. In recent years, the immunological responses induced by phototherapy have been widely explored, which are mainly triggered by the tumor associated antigens (TAAs) released from the dying cancer cells after phototherapy, together with the secretion of damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and various pro-inflammatory cytokines/factors. To amplify these immunological responses induced by phototherapy, various adjuvant nano/micromaterials are introduced to boost the immune system to recognize and kill cancer cells. Moreover, such immune responses are further demonstrated to work in synergy with other immunotherapies such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell and cytokine therapy, achieving significantly increased immune response rates and successful therapeutic outcomes. Here, this minireview will focus on the recent progress in engineering biomaterials for enhanced photoimmunotherapy and discuss the challenges, opportunities and future prospects in this field.
随着光疗的发展，作为一种光诱导的癌症治疗方法，各种生物材料被很好地设计为光吸收/敏化剂或有效的载体，以提高治疗效果并规避光疗的副作用。近年来，光疗诱导的免疫反应已被广泛探索，主要是由光疗后死亡的癌细胞释放的肿瘤相关抗原（TAA），以及损伤相关分子模式（DAMP）和各种促炎细胞因子/因子的分泌触发的。为了放大光疗诱导的这些免疫反应，引入了各种佐剂纳米/微米材料来增强免疫系统识别和杀死癌细胞的能力。此外，这些免疫反应被进一步证明与其他免疫疗法（如免疫检查点阻断（ICB）、嵌合抗原受体（CAR）-T 细胞和细胞因子疗法）协同作用，从而显著提高免疫反应率和成功的治疗结果。在这里，这篇综述将重点介绍用于增强光免疫疗法的生物材料工程的最新进展，并讨论该领域的挑战、机遇和未来前景。
