Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada.
Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3C5, Canada.
J Environ Qual. 2020 Mar;49(2):247-255. doi: 10.1002/jeq2.20003. Epub 2020 Mar 16.
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, especially methane (CH ), from manure storage facilities can be substantial. Methane production requires adapted microbial communities ("inoculum") to be present in the manure. Complete removal of liquid dairy manure (thus removing all inoculum) from storage tanks in the spring has been shown to significantly reduce CH emissions over the following warm season. This study examined whether the same mitigation effect would occur after fall removal of liquid dairy manure. Emissions of CH , nitrous oxide (N O), ammonia (NH ), and CO were measured from six 11.88-m tanks equipped with flow-through chambers. There were three inoculated controls (20% inoculum) and three uninoculated treatments, where inoculum was completely removed in the fall/winter (0% inoculum). Direct N O and NH (indirect N O) were minor contributors to the total GHG budget, contributing <2% on a CO equivalent (CO e) basis. Removal of inoculum led to a 34% decrease in total emissions on a CO e basis and to a 29% decrease in the CH conversion factor compared with the inoculated control (0.37 vs. 0.52; p = .01). Overall, removing inoculum in the fall reduced CH emissions from manure storage tanks; however, fall inoculum removal was less effective than in a previous study where inoculum was removed in the spring. The timing of inoculum removal may affect the efficiency of this CH mitigation strategy. However, this method may be impractical for larger manure storage tanks. Further study is required to overcome challenges of time-sensitive, complete inoculum removal from farm-scale storage tanks.
温室气体（GHG）排放，特别是来自粪便储存设施的甲烷（CH ），可能会相当可观。甲烷的产生需要有适应的微生物群落（“接种物”）存在于粪便中。从春季开始，将液体奶牛粪便完全从储存罐中清除（从而去除所有接种物），已被证明可以显著减少接下来温暖季节的 CH 排放。本研究探讨了在秋季去除液体奶牛粪便后是否会产生相同的缓解效果。使用配备有流通室的六个 11.88 米罐测量了 CH 、氧化亚氮（N O）、氨（NH ）和 CO 的排放。有三个接种物对照（20%接种物）和三个未接种物处理，其中接种物在秋季/冬季完全去除（0%接种物）。直接 N O和 NH （间接 N O）是总 GHG 预算的次要贡献者，在 CO 当量（CO e）基础上的贡献<2%。与接种物对照相比，去除接种物导致总排放量减少 34%，CH 转化率降低 29%（0.37 与 0.52 相比；p = 0.01）。总体而言，秋季去除接种物会减少粪便储存罐中的 CH 排放；然而，与春季去除接种物的先前研究相比，秋季去除接种物的效果较差。接种物去除的时间可能会影响这种 CH 缓解策略的效率。然而，对于较大的粪便储存罐来说，这种方法可能不切实际。需要进一步研究以克服从农场规模的储存罐中及时、完全去除接种物的挑战。
