Quality of life after traumatic spinal cord injury in a developing context: the influence of contextual factors and injury characteristics.

PURPOSE

To identify contextual factors and injury characteristics influencing the quality of life (QoL) among individuals who sustained a traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) in South Africa.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We carried out a cross-sectional survey to examined the influence of contextual factors and injury characteristics on quality of life among 108 conveniently selected community-dwelling adults between the ages of 19 and 71 years old, who sustained a TSCI more than 1 year post-injury.

RESULTS

Multivariate regression analysis resulted in three significant independent variables (gender, employment, and time living with the injury) that explained 38.1% of the variance in the model, of which being employed and living with a TSCI between 11 and 15 years were the strongest factors influencing the overall and each domain of quality of life.

CONCLUSION

Our results highlight that employment plays an important role in QoL for individuals who sustained a TSCI. They also suggest that increased time since the injury is most likely to provide individuals an opportunity to develop efficient coping strategies, allowing for greater overall adjustment and life satisfaction, leading to a better quality of life.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONSince the time of the injury was found to be improved QoL, there is a need to improve the health care system of Individuals with SCI.As the employment is a significant factor positively influencing QoL, vocational rehabilitation programs should be included during the rehabilitation processes.Rehabilitation stakeholders need to continue lobbying for social and political changes that support expanded employment options for individuals who sustained a TSCI in order to improve their quality of life.