Department of Psychology, The University of Warwick.
Warwick Medical School, The University of Warwick.
J Exp Psychol Appl. 2021 Mar;27(1):84-101. doi: 10.1037/xap0000335. Epub 2020 Oct 5.
Low prevalence studies show that people miss a large proportion of targets if they appear rarely. This finding has implications for real-world tasks, such as mammography, where it is important to detect infrequently appearing cancers. We examined whether having people search in pairs in a "double reading" procedure reduces miss errors in low prevalence search compared with when participants search the displays alone. In Experiment 1 pairs of participants searched for a mass in a laboratory mammogram task. Participants either searched the same display together (in the same room) or searched the displays independently (in separate rooms). Experiment 2 further manipulated the reading order so that paired participants either read the mammograms in the same or different orders. The results showed that, although there was no effect of reading order, double reading led to a substantial reduction in miss errors compared with single reading conditions. Furthermore, the reason for the double reading improvement differed across reading environments: When participants read the displays in a shared environment (i.e., in the same room) the improvement occurred due to an increase in sensitivity; however, when participants read the display in different rooms the improvement occurred due to a change in response bias. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
低患病率研究表明，如果目标很少出现，人们会错过很大一部分目标。这一发现对现实世界的任务有影响，例如在乳房 X 光检查中，检测罕见出现的癌症很重要。我们研究了在“双重阅读”程序中让人们成对搜索是否会减少低患病率搜索中的漏检错误，与参与者单独搜索显示时相比。在实验 1 中，参与者成对搜索实验室乳房 X 光检查任务中的肿块。参与者要么一起搜索同一个显示（在同一个房间），要么独立搜索显示（在不同的房间）。实验 2 进一步操纵了阅读顺序，使得成对的参与者按照相同或不同的顺序阅读乳房 X 光片。结果表明，尽管阅读顺序没有影响，但与单独阅读条件相比，双重阅读导致漏检错误显著减少。此外，双重阅读改善的原因在阅读环境中有所不同：当参与者在共享环境中（即在同一个房间）阅读显示时，改善是由于敏感性的提高；然而，当参与者在不同的房间阅读显示时，改善是由于反应偏差的变化。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
